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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 23.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Med. 2019 Jan 4;50(1):48–57. doi: 10.1017/S0033291718003938

Table 2.

Group and group-by-age interaction effects of regression analyses adjusting for sex

Group effect Group-by-age interaction Early adulthood Group-by-age interaction Middle adulthood
Cognitive measure β p pFDR β p pFDR ΔES β p pFDR ΔES
Affective psychosis
g −0.46 <0.001 <0.001 0.45 0.204 0.317 0.17 0.42 0.034 0.078 0.31
WTAR −0.45 <0.001 <0.001 0.19 0.642 0.817 −0.18 1.36 <0.001 <0.001 1.29
Vocabulary −0.19 0.011 0.013 −0.92 0.026 0.093 −0.63 0.51 0.024 0.068 0.70
Matrix reasoning −0.13 0.169 0.198 1.39 0.013 0.060 0.68 0.54 0.076 0.134 0.22
Semantic fluency −0.44 <0.001 <0.001 0.64 0.144 0.288 0.11 1.17 <0.001 <0.001 1.01
Verbal fluency −0.15 0.010 0.013 −0.13 0.705 0.822 −0.04 −0.18 0.343 0.437 −0.15
Trail-Making A −0.43 <0.001 <0.001 −0.33 0.318 0.445 −0.15 −0.17 0.330 0.437 −0.10
Trail-Making B −0.31 <0.001 <0.001 0.08 0.859 0.925 0.03 0.04 0.850 0.850 0.03
Digit-symbol coding −0.44 <0.001 <0.001 0.76 0.008 0.057 0.32 0.54 0.001 0.003 0.36
CVLT recall −0.54 <0.001 <0.001 1.34 <0.001 0.001 0.60 0.77 <0.001 <0.001 0.45
CVLT recognition −0.35 <0.001 <0.001 0.86 0.082 0.192 0.42 0.31 0.252 0.391 0.11
Span forward −0.13 0.200 0.216 1.03 0.079 0.192 0.62 −0.18 0.579 0.660 −0.40
Span backward 0.03 0.670 0.670 0.00 0.999 0.999 −0.11 0.50 0.049 0.098 0.49
Letter-number sequencing −0.44 <0.001 <0.001 0.79 0.174 0.305 0.42 0.16 0.613 0.660 −0.02
Nonaffective psychosis
g −0.82 <0.001 <0.001 −0.84 0.019 0.095 −0.60 0.60 0.002 0.007 0.78
WTAR −0.67 <0.001 <0.001 −0.49 0.230 0.358 −0.45 0.82 <0.001 0.002 0.91
Vocabulary −0.27 <0.001 <0.001 0.46 0.259 0.362 0.09 0.81 <0.001 0.002 0.69
Matrix reasoning −0.29 0.003 0.003 0.00 0.999 0.999 0.03 −0.13 0.661 0.771 −0.13
Semantic fluency −0.45 <0.001 <0.001 −0.04 0.932 0.999 −0.15 0.61 0.011 0.026 0.61
Verbal fluency −0.36 <0.001 <0.001 −0.67 0.061 0.172 −0.38 0.01 0.939 0.939 0.16
Trail-Making A −0.58 <0.001 <0.001 −0.42 0.195 0.358 −0.19 −0.24 0.185 0.323 −0.14
Trail-Making B −0.61 <0.001 <0.001 −1.54 <0.001 0.006 −0.89 0.10 0.657 0.771 0.44
Digit-symbol coding −0.63 <0.001 <0.001 0.63 0.027 0.095 0.30 0.22 0.156 0.313 0.08
CVLT recall −0.50 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 0.979 0.999 0.31 1.28 <0.001 <0.001 1.26
CVLT recognition −0.43 <0.001 <0.001 0.62 0.208 0.358 −0.27 0.25 0.350 0.544 0.11
Span forward −0.57 <0.001 <0.001 1.36 0.021 0.095 0.52 1.17 <0.001 0.002 0.85
Span backward −0.46 <0.001 <0.001 0.16 0.728 0.927 0.06 0.15 0.564 0.771 0.11
Letter-number sequencing −0.65 <0.001 <0.001 −0.94 0.107 0.250 −0.53 −0.03 0.919 0.939 0.18

Bolded estimates signify statistical significance (P < 0.05).

WTAR, Wechsler Test of Adult Reading; FDRCorrected for multiple testing (FDR = 0.05); ΔES, effect size of change (in S.D.).