Patient 1 (M) | Patient 2 (M) | Patient 3 (F) | Patient 4 (F) | Patient 5 (F) | Patient 6 (M) | |
Variants Found | FOXN1 c. 1445_1449delinsCCA; p.R482PfsX46 | Brother of Patient 1 with presumed FOXN1 mutation. |
FOXN1 c.79C>T; p.L27F Another gene being investigated (VUS) |
FOXN1 c.950A>C; p.N317T. Additional single VUS in LYST, STX11, and TMC8, TREX1. |
FOXN1 c.965A>G; p.N322S Additional single VUS in DOCK8, IL10RA. |
FOXN1 c.1315delC; p. L439CfsX11 DCLRE1C c. 536G>A; p.R179Q |
FOXN1 variant prediction | Pathogenic | Under genetic evaluation | VUS | VUS | VUS | |
Parental Carrier of FOXN1(current age) | Mother, presumed due to phenotype | Father (35) | Unknown carrier | Unknown carrier | Mother (29) | |
Family History and Phenotype | Maternal thyroiditis; sparse hair, absent eyebrows and brittle, tented nails. Multiple maternal relatives and brother with similar features. | Autoimmune hyperthyroidism. Normal adult WBC, ANC, and T cells at evaluation. | No significant medical history in mother; paternal history is unknown and unavailable. | No significant medical history in mother or father. | Maternal unverified frequent childhood infections and low blood counts; normal adult WBC, ANC, and T cells. | |
Ancestry | Hispanic (Mexican) | Asian (Chinese) | Asian (Southeast Asian) | Caucasian | Hispanic (Mexican) | |
Patient Clinical Phenotype | Lymphopenia; sparse, brittle hair, toenail dystrophy | Lymphopenia | Lymphopenia, neutropenia responsive to GCSF, growth failure, abnormal facies, delayed speech | Lymphopenia | Lymphopenia, asymptomatic transaminitis | Lymphopenia, neutropenia responsive to GCSF |
NBS TRECs (normal >18 copies/uL) | 1 | 9 | Undetectable | 10 | 12 | Undetectable |
CBC (at referral) | ||||||
WBC (K/uL) | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 7.9 | 4.0 | 6.9 |
ANC (cells/uL) | 2200 | 1700 | 2279 | 3100 | 1200 | 2600 |
ALC (cells/uL) | 1200 | 2000 | 1500 | 2400 | 2100 | 1300 |
Lymphocyte Subsets (at referral) | ||||||
CD3 | 432 | 759 | 600 | 1224 | 1007 | 78 |
CD3+CD4+ | 276 | 506 | 330 | 792 | 782 | 65 |
CD3+CD8+ | 158 | 239 | 256 | 408 | 203 | <20 |
CD19+ | 276 | 308 | 75 | 600 | 727 | 364 |
CD56+ | 336 | 730 | 690 | 432 | 362 | 741 |
CD4+45+RA | 47 | 341 | 33 | 198 | 551 | <20 |
CD4+45+RO | <20 | 170 | 38 | 208 | 246 | 43 |
CD8+45+RA | 117 | 234 | 156 | 65 | 191 | <20 |
CD8+45+RO | <20 | 7 | 18 | <20 | <20 | <20 |
Immunoglobulins (at referral) | ||||||
IgG | 747 | 740 | 710 | 907 | 516 | 1360 |
IgA | <7 | <7 | <7 | 9 | 8 | <7 |
IgM | 23 | 26 | 64 | 72 | 45 | 41 |
Lymphocyte proliferation to PHA | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal, then diminished by 1.5 months of age |
Spectratyping | Not done | Not done | Acceptable TCR Vb diversity for age | Not done | Not done | Abnormal, restricted pattern of TCR Vb diversity |
Thymus shadow | Unknown | Unknown | Normal | Unknown | Unknown | Diminished |
Infections | Urinary tract infection, otitis media | None | Thrush, treated with oral fluconazole only | None | None | None pre HCT* |
Treatment | Home isolation, no prophylaxis | Home isolation, no prophylaxis | Home isolation and fungal prophylaxis until ~12 mo; remains on PCP prophylaxis, GCSF | Home isolation, no prophylaxis | Home isolation, no prophylaxis | Hospital isolation. GCSF, paternal haploidentical HCT |
Outcome | Alive at 36 months with no major infections | Alive at 7 months with no major infections | Alive at 18 months with no major infections | Alive at 16 months with no major infections | Alive at 10 months with no major infections | Alive >12 months post HCT; delayed T-cell reconstitution, AIHA** |
Most recent ALC | 1200 cells/uL | 2080 cells/uL | 1020 cells/uL | 5060 cells/uL | 2300 cells/uL | On immunosuppression |