(a-d) Endogenous claudin 5 (a), cortactin (b), actin (c), and phospho-Y421-cortactin (d) in HBEMCs were co-immunoprecipitated by the antibody against endogenous ZO-1 protein in the absence (DMSO) and presence of PMA treatment (100 nM for 1 hour). Western blotting revealed the protein level of each binding partner by the antibodies against claudin 5, actin, cortactin, and phosphor-Y421-cortactin, respectively. Note that the total protein level of each binding partner (the third row in a-d) remained unchanged after PMA treatment. The level of co-immunoprecipiated proteins were normalized to immunoprecipiated ZO-1 and quantified in the right panel, respectively. n=3, data were represented as mean ± s.e.m. n.s.: not significant. **p<0.01.