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. 2020 Feb 18;52(3):329–360. doi: 10.1007/s00726-020-02823-6

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Major functions of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline on improving the health of multiple systems in humans. These beneficial effects of the nutrients are summarized on the basis of available evidence in the current literatrure. Some of the effects are tissue- and nutrient-specific. However, because all the systems of the body are integrated, the health of one system can affect that of other systems