Table 1.
Summary of included clinical studies to date
| Author | Huang et al.4 | Chen et al.5 | Li et al.6 | Song et al.7 | Chen et al.8 | Wang et al.9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study setting | Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital from Dec 16, 2019 to Jan 2, 2020 | Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital from Jan 1 to Jan 20, 2020 | Hospitals in Wuhan on Jan 22, 2020 | Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from Jan 20 to Jan 27, 2020 | Tongji Hospital from Jan 14 to Jan 29, 2020 | Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from Jan 1 to Jan 28, 2020, follow-up to Feb 3, 2020 |
| City | Wuhan, China | Wuhan, China | Wuhan, China | Shanghai, China | Wuhan, China | Wuhan, China |
| Total patients | 41 | 99 | 425 | 51 | 29 | 138 |
| Age, mean (IQR) or mean ± SD, years | 49 (41–58) | 55.5 ± 13.1 | 56 (26–82) | 49 ± 16 | 56 (26–79) | 56 (42–68) |
| Gender, male | 30 (73%) | 67 (68%) | 31 (66%) | 25 (49%) | 21 (72%) | 75 (54.3%) |
| Exposure history, cases | 27 (66%) exposed to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market | 49 (49%) exposed to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market | 26 (55%) exposed to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market | 50 (98%) exposed to Wuhan | 2 (7%) exposed to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market | 12 (8.7%) exposed to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market |
| X-ray and CT findings, cases | Bilateral ground glass opacity, 40 (98%) | Multiple mottling and ground glass opacity, 14 (14%) | Radiographic evidence of pneumonia | Ground glass opacity, 39 (77%) | NA | Ground glass opacity, 138 (100%) |
| Signs and symptoms |
Fever, 40 (98%) Cough, 31 (76%) Myalgia or fatigue, 18 (44%) Sputum production, 11/39 (28%) Headache, 3/38 (8%) Hemoptysis, 2/39 (5%) Diarrhea, 1/38 (3%) Dyspnea, 22/40 (55%) |
Fever, 82 (83%) Cough, 81 (82%) Shortness of breath, 31 (31%) Muscle ache, 11 (11%) Confusion, 9 (9%) Headache, 8 (8%) Sore throat, 5 (5%) Rhinorrhea, 4 (4%) Chest pain, 2 (2%) Diarrhea, 2 (2%) Nausea and vomiting, 1 (1%) |
Fever, with or without recorded temperature |
Fever, 49 (96%) Cough, 24 (47%) Phlegm, 10 (20%) Myalgia or fatigue, 16 (31%) Headache and dizziness, 8 (16%) Dyspnea or chest pain, 7 (14%) Loss of appetite, 9 (18%) Diarrhea 5, (10%) Stuffy and runny nose, 2 (4%) Sore throat, 3 (6%) Nausea and vomiting, 3 (6%) |
Fever, 28 (97%) Cough or expectoration, 21 (72%) Dyspnea, 17 (59%) Myalgia or fatigue, 12 (41%) Headache, 2 (7%) Diarrhea, 4 (14%) |
Fever, 136 (98.6%) Fatigue, 96 (69.6%) Dry cough, 82 (59.4%) Anorexia, 55 (39.9%) Myalgia, 48 (34.8%) Dyspnea, 43 (31.2%) Expectoration, 37 (26.8%) Pharyngalgia, 24 (17.4%) Diarrhea, 14 (10.1%) Nausea, 14 (10.1%) Dizziness, 13 (9.4%) Headache, 9 (6.5%) Vomiting, 5 (3.6%) Abdominal pain, 3 (2.2%) |
| Complications |
ARDS, 12 (29%) RNAemia, 6 (15%) Acute cardiac injury, 5 (12%) Acute kidney injury, 3 (7%) Secondary infection, 4 (10%) Shock, 3 (7%) |
ARDS, 17 (17%) Acute renal injury, 3 (3%) Acute respiratory injury, 8 (8%) Septic shock, 4 (4%) Ventilator-associated pneumonia, 1 (1%) |
NA | NA | NA |
Shock, 12 (8.7%) Acute cardiac injury, 10 (7.2%) Arrhythmia, 23 (16.7%) ARDS, 27 (19.6%) AKI, 5 (3.6%) |
| Treatments |
Antiviral, 38 (93%) Antibiotic, 41 (100%) Corticosteroid, 9 (22%) CRRT, 3 (7%) Nasal cannula, 27 (66%) Noninvasive ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula, 10 (24%) Invasive mechanical ventilation, 2 (5%) Invasive mechanical ventilation and ECMO, 2 (5%) |
Oxygen therapy, 75 (76%) Noninvasive ventilation, 13 (13%) Invasive ventilation, 4 (4%) CRRT, 9 (9%) ECMO, 3 (3%) Antibiotic, 70 (71%) Antifungal, 15 (15%) Antiviral, 75 (76%) Glucocorticoids, 19 (19%) Immunoglobulin, 27 (27%) |
NA | NA | NA |
Antiviral, 124 (89.9%) Glucocorticoid, 62 (44.9%) CRRT, 2 (1.45%) Oxygen inhalation, 106 (76.81%) NIV, 15 (10.9%) IMV, 17 (12.32%) ECMO, 4 (2.9%) |
| Discharged | 28 (68%) | 31 (31%) | NA | NA | NA | 47 (34.1%) |
| Death | 6 (15%) | 11 (11%) | NA | NA | 2 (7%) | 6 (4.3%) |
NA not applicable, AKI acute kidney injury, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, IMV invasive mechanical ventilation, NIV noninvasive ventilation