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. 2019 Dec 30;3(1):107–118. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00087

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Photochemical internalization (PCI) of cytotoxic proteins. Once the photosensitizers and the gelonin fusion proteins associate to the cancer cell membrane, they become (A) internalized by endocytosis. (B) While both the photosensitizers and gelonin fusion proteins colocalized in the endosomes, with laser irradiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated and ruptures the endosomal membrane. (C) The released gelonin fusion proteins inhibit the substrate ribosomes in the cytosol and induce cell death.