Table 1.
Host-targeting antivirals for hepatitis C therapy
| Inhibitor | Life cycle step targeted | Host factor targeted | Adverse effects | Resistance mutations (found in vitro) | Genotype specificity | Clinical phase |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITX 5061 | entry | SCARB1 | increased serum HDL | N415D (E2) | 1 - 6 a; 1 | 1b |
| anti-SRBI | entry | SCARB1 | N.A. | N.A. | 1, 2, 4, 6 | preclinical |
| anti-CD81 | entry | CD81 | N.A. | N.A. | 1, 2, 4 | preclinical |
| Anti-CLDN1 | entry | CLDN1 | N.A. | N.A. | 1 - 6 a | preclinical |
| erlotinib | entry | EGFR | rashes, diarrhea, lung, liver and kidney problems | N.A. | 1 - 6 a | preclinical |
| dansatinib | entry | ehprin A2 | rashes, diarrhea, lung, liver and kidney problems | N.A. | 1 - 6 a | preclinical |
| ezitimibe | entry | NPC1L1 | nausea, stomach pain, fever, loss of appetite, jaundice | N.A. | 1 - 6 a | preclinical |
| alisporivir | RNA replication | CypA | abdominal pain, fatigue | D320E/Y321N (NS5A) | 1, 2, 3 | 3 |
| SCY-635 | RNA replication | CypA | none reported | D320E/Y321N (NS5A), T77K/I432V (NS5B) | 1, 2, 3 | 2a |
| NIM811 | RNA replication | CypA | none reported | N.A. | 1 | 1 |
| AL-9 | RNA replication | PI4KIIIa | N.A. (PI4KIIIa −/− mice: lethal gastrointestinal disorders) | NS5A domain 1, NS4B C-terminus | 1, 2 | preclinical |
| Compound A and B | RNA replication | PI4KIIIa | N.A. (PI4KIIIa −/− mice: lethal gastrointestinal disorders) | NS5A domain 1, NS4B C-terminus | 1, | preclinical |
| Miravirsen | RNA replication | miR-122 | reduced serum cholesterol | N.A. | 1 - 6 a; 1 | 2a |
| Celgosivir | assembly and release | α-glucosidase I | mild to moderate gastrointestinal disorders | N.A. | 1 - 6 a; 1 | 2b, halted |
| DGAT1 inhibitor | assembly and release | DGAT1 | reduced plasma triglycerides | N.A. | 2 | preclinical |
| Py-2 | assembly and release | PLA2GA4 | N.A. | N.A. | 1, 2, 3, 5 a | preclinical |
N.A. data not available
aIn vitro data