Table 3.
Efficacy of EBOV vaccines in rodents
| Vaccine | Species | Challenge virus | Vaccine doses | Time to challenge (d)a | Survival (%) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Whole virus | ||||||
| inact. EBOV (formalin, heat) | Guinea pig | EBOV | 1, 2 | 21 | 100 | [4] |
| inact. EBOV | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 3 | 42 | 25 | [81] |
| INA-inact. MA-EBOV | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 3 | 100 | [7] |
| EBOVΔVP30 | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 56 | 100 | [12] |
| EBOVΔVP30 | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 2 | 42 | 100 | [12] |
| VLPs | ||||||
| eVLP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 3 | 42 | 100 | [81] |
| eVLP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 28 | 100 | [22] |
| eVLP + QS21 | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 42 | 100 | [82] |
| eVLP, eVLPs + QS21 | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 28 | 100 | [7, 101] |
| eVLP + poly-ICLC | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 2 | 28 | 100 | [23] |
| Subunit | ||||||
| EBOV GP-Fc + Freund’s adjuvant | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 4 | 14 | 88 | [9] |
| EBOV GP-Fc + poly-ICLC | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 4 | 14 | 100 | [10] |
| EBOV GP + adjuvant | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 3 | 30 | 100 | [11] |
| EBOV GP + VP24 + VP40 + adjuvant | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 3 | 30 | 100 | [11] |
| DNA | ||||||
| EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1, 3, 4 | 28 | 100 | [21, 84] |
| EBOV GP, EBOV NP, both | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 3 | 90 | 100 | [29] |
| EBOV GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 3 | 91 | 67 | [32] |
| EBOV GP, SUDV GP, MARV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2, 3 | 28 | 100 | [83] |
| EBOV GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 2 | 28 | 100 | [84] |
| EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1, 2 | 28 | 60–63 | [85] |
| DNA + rec. Adenovirus | ||||||
| DNA-EBOV GP, rAD5-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 4 | 84 | n/a | [71] |
| DNA-EBOV GP, rAD5-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 28 | 88–100 | [85] |
| DNA-EBOV GP, AAV-po6-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 28 | 25–75 | [85] |
| Replicons | ||||||
| VEEV-EBOV GP, VEEV-EBOV NP, both | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2, 4 | 28 | 90–100 | [24] |
| VEEV-EBOV GP, VEEV-EBOV NP, both | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 2, 3 | 28 | 40–100 | [24] |
| VEEV-EBOV GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 3 | 28 | 100 | [24] |
| VEEV-EBOV VP24,30,35,40 | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2, 3 | 28 | 0–95 | [26] |
| VEEV-EBOV NP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2, 3 | 28 | 75–80 | [86] |
| Kunjin virus—EBOV GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 2 | 20 | 86 | [87] |
| rec. Adenovirus | ||||||
| Ad5-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1, 2 | 28, 7 | n/a | [71] |
| Ad5-EBOV GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 28, 7 | 100 | [34] |
| simian AdC5/C1-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 21 | 100 | [35] |
| CAdVax-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 30 | 100 | [35] |
| Ad5-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 28 | 100 | [88] |
| AdCMV-EBOV GP, CAGopt-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 28 | 100 | [64, 89] |
| AdCMV-EBOV GP, CAGopt-EBOV GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 28 | 100 | [64, 90] |
| Ad5-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1, 2 | 28 | 38–90 | [85] |
| AAV-po6-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1, 2 | 28 | 38–100 | [85] |
| AAV-po6-EBOV GP, Ad5-EBOV GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 28 | 0–75 | [85] |
| rec. Vaccinia virus | ||||||
| VACV-EBOV GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 30 | 60 | [91] |
| rec. Cytomegalovirus | ||||||
| CMV-NPctl | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 42 | 100 | [45] |
| MCMV/ZEBOV-NPctl | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 119 | 100 | [46] |
| rec. Human parainfluenza virus | ||||||
| HPIV3-GP, HPIV3GP-NP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 28 | 100 | [92] |
| HPIV3/ΔF-HN/GP, HPIV3-GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 25 | 100 | [93] |
| rec. Rabies virus | ||||||
| BNSP(333)ΔG/GP, inact. BNSP(333)-GP | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 77 | 100 | [48] |
| rec. Vesicular stomatitis virus | ||||||
| VSV-EBOV | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 2 | 14 | 100 | [57] |
| VSV-EBOV | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 1 | 100 | [94] |
| VSV-EBOV | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 1 | 67 | [7] |
| VSV-EBOV | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 28 | 100 | [95] |
| VSV-EBOV, VSV-SUDV | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 21 | 100 | [96] |
| VSV-EBOV/ANDV | Hamster | MA-EBOV | 1 | 14, 7, 3 | 100 | [97] |
| VSV-EBOV | Mouse | MA-EBOV | 1 | 6.5, 12, 18 months | 80–100 | [98] |
| VSV-EBOV | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 1 | 7, 12, 18 months | 83–100 | [98] |
| Vesiculovax-rVSV-EBOV GP | Guinea pig | GPA-EBOV | 2 | 21 days | 100 | [58] |
aTime until challenge after vaccination was completed