Table 3.
Cytotoxicity and Antiviral Activity of Thiosemicarbazides (I and II) and Thiosemicarbazones (Ia – Ig and IIa – IIg) in CRFK and MDCK Cell Cultures.
| Compound | CRFK cell culture | MDCK cell culture | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CC50a) (μg/mL) | EC50b) (μg/mL) | CC50a) (μg/mL) | MCCc) (μg/mL) | EC50b) (μg/mL) | |||||||
| Influenza RH1N1 SUBTYPE | Influenza A H3N2 subtype | Influenza B | |||||||||
| Feline Corona Virus (FIPV) | Feline Herpes Virus | visual CPE score | MTS | visual CPE score | MTS | visual CPE score | MTS | ||||
| I | 84.6 | >20 | >20 | 78.6 | 100 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 |
| Ia | >100 | >100 | >100 | 44.3 | ≥20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 |
| Ib | >100 | 31.5 | 54.3 | >100 | 100 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 |
| Ic | >100 | 23.1 | 25.0 | >100 | 100 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 |
| Id | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | 27.0 | 26.3 | 9.5 | 13.9 | >100 | >100 |
| Ie | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | 14.5 | 10.9 | 23.0 | 14.0 | >100 | >100 |
| If | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | 10.5 | 17.1 | 15.0 | 17.5 | >100 | >100 |
| Ig | >100 | >100 | >100 | 0.4 | 0.8 | >0.16 | >0.16 | >0.16 | >0.16 | >0.16 | >0.16 |
| II | >100 | >100 | >100 | 90.2 | 100 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 |
| IIa | >100 | 7.0 | >100 | >100 | 100 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 |
| IIb | >100 | >100 | >100 | 0.8 | 0.8 | >0.16 | >0.16 | >0.16 | >0.16 | >0.16 | >0.16 |
| IIc | >100 | >100 | 17.8 | >100 | 100 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 | >20 |
| IId | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100, ≥20100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | |
| IIe | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100, ≥20100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | |
| IIf | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | 11.0 | 16.5 | 9.0 | 9.5 | >100 | >100 |
| IIg | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 | >100 |
| HHAd) | >100 | 36.2 | 16.5 | ||||||||
| UDAe) | 33.2 | 1.6 | 1.8 | ||||||||
| Ganciclovir (μM) | >100 | >100 | 7.3 | ||||||||
| Oseltamivir carboxylate | >100 | >100 | 2.0 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 34.0 | 29.1 | |||
| Ribavirin | >100 | >100 | 9.0 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 5.7 | 9.0 | 3.4 | |||
| Amandatine | >200 | >200 | 8.0 | 5.4 | 0.9 | 0.3 | >200 | >200 | |||
| Rimandatine | >200 | >200 | 18.0 | 25.7 | 0.9 | 0.4 | >200 | >200 | |||
a) 50% Cytotoxic concentration, as determined by measuring the cell viability with the colorimetric formazan- based MTS assay.
b) 50% Effective concentration, or concentration producing 50% inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect, as determined by measuring the cell viability with the colorimetric formazan-based MTS assay.
c) Required to cause a microscopically detectable alteration of normal cell morphology.
d) HHA: Hippeastrum hybrid Lectin (Amoryllis bulbs).
e) UDA: Urtica dioica agglutinin.