Fig. 1.

Binding analysis of the phage display peptides to MAb-5E12 by direct and competitive ELISA. a Selected phages named ph-1 to ph-13 and wild-type M13 phage (ph-wt) were incubated with MAb-5E12, an unrelated MAb, and BSA in ELISA plates to assess their binding affinities. The OD₄₉₀ values are proportional to binding affinities of each phage. b Ten positive individual phage and MAb-5E12 were added to PEDV rS1 protein-coated plates; ph-wt and no phage were used as negative controls. The inhibition rates {[OD₄₉₀ MAb-5E12 (no phage) − OD₄₉₀ MAb-5E12 (with phage)]/OD₄₉₀ MAb-5E12 (no phage)} × 100 of the positive individual phage are shown. The experiment was performed in triplicate