. 2018 Dec 28;36(2):30. doi: 10.1007/s11095-018-2551-x

Table VII.

Reported Plasma or Serum Protein Binding Values for Propranolol and Warfarin

Species	Drug μM	f_u mean or range		Reference, meeting or website
Species	Drug μM	Propranolol	Warfarin	Reference, meeting or website
Mouse	1		0.10–0.11	(117)
	10	0.17	0.07	^a
	10	0.15	0.06	^b
Rat	^h		0.010–0.018	(117)
	0.04	0.08		(118)
	1	0.21	0.005	^c
	1		0.003–0.004	^d
	1	0.28	0.005	(119)
	5	0.06		^e
	10	0.19	0.01	^a
	10	0.15	0.007	^b
Rabbit	^h		0.042–0.052	(117)
	0.04	0.35		(118)
	0.22–2.5	0.34		(120)
Dog	^h		0.040	(117)
	0.04	0.10		(118)
	1	0.27	0.038	^c
	1	0.20	0.033	(119)
	10	0.23	0.04	^a
	10	0.20	0.046	^b
Guinea pig	10	0.17	0.02	^a
Minipig	10	0.18	0.03	^a
Monkey	1	0.21		(121)
	1	0.21	0.005	(119)
	10	0.20	0.01	^c
Human	^h		0.012–0.022	(117)
	0.04	0.10		(118)
	^hi	0.10		^f
	^hi		0.01	^g
	1	0.21	0.006	(119)
	1	0.14		(121)
	1	0.13	0.011	^c
	1	0.16	0.005–0.006	^d
	1	0.29		(122)
	1	0.13		(123)
	1-3ⁱ		0.005	(124)
	5	0.27		^e
	10	0.12	<0.01	^a
	10	0.19	0.007	^b

^aBD Biosciences brochure (now Corning), In vitro ADME discovery screening services, plasma protein binding using rapid equilibrium dialysis

^bBD Biosciences (now Corning) Application Note 474, 2009, Shanler M, Mason A, Crocker R, Vardaro R, Crespi C, Stresser D, Validation of an automated high throughput plasma protein binding assay

^cwww.noabbiodiscoveries.com website

^dPierce Biotechnololgy, Inc., www.piercenet.com, Li S, Xiong B, Huang T, Li L, Donovan J, Lee F, Yu S, Miwa G, and Yang H, Validation of a novel rapid equilibrium dialysis (RED) device for high throughput plasma protein binding determination, 2006

^eWaters Corporation Application Note 720002610, Shave D and Alden P, Determination of protein binding by UPLC/MS/MS

^fWyeth Package Insert, 2912389

^gBristol-Myers Squibb Package Insert, 3022954

^hdrug concentration not indicated

ⁱValues reported from ex vivo plasma samples