Table 6.

Flavan-3-ols, procyanidins and phenolic acids in Davallia species

Source	Polyphenols and phenolic acids	References
D. formosana	6,8-Dihydroxychromone 7-C-β-d-glucopyranoside, 6,8,3′,4′-tetrahydroxyflavanone-7-C-β-d-glucopyranoside, 6,8,4′-Trihydroxyflavanone 7-C-β-d-glucopyranoside, 8-(2-pyrrolidinone-5-yl)-catechin 3-O-β-d-allopyranoside, epiphyllocoumarin 3-O-β-d-allopyranoside, (−)-epicatech-3-O-β-d-allopyranoside, (−)-epicatech-3-O-β-d-(2′′-O-vanillyl)-allopyranoside, (−)-epicatech-3-O-β-d-(3′′-O-vanillyl)-allopyranoside, eriodictyol-8-C-β-d-glucopyranoside, davallioside A, davallioside B, caffeic acid-4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, protocatehuic acid, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid, vanillic acid	Chen et al. (2014a, b), Cui et al. (1990, 1992), Hsu and Chen (1993)
D. fortunei (Kunze) J.Sm.	4α-Carboxymethyl-(+)-catechin methyl ester, (+)-afzelechin 3-O-β-allopyranoside, (+)-afzelechin 6-C-β-glucopyranoside, (−)-epiafzelechin-(4β → 8)-4β-carboxymethyl-(−)-epicatechin methyl ester, -(−)-epiafzelechin-(4β → 8)-4α-carboxymethyl-(−)epiafzelechin ethyl ester, (−)-epiafzelechin-(4β → 8)-(−)-epiafzelechin-(4β → 8)-4β-carboxymethyl-(−)-epiafzelechin methyl ester	Liang et al. (2011)
D. solida (Forst.) Sw	Mangiferin, 3′-O-p-hydroxybenzoylmangiferin, 4′-O-p-hydroxybenzoylmangiferin, 4β-carboxymethyl-(−)-epicatechin methyl ester, 6′-O-p-hydroxybenzoylmangiferin, icariside E-3, 3-O-p-hydroxybenzoylmangiferin, eriodictyol, eriodictyol 8-C-β-d-glucopyranoside, 2-C-β-d-4β-carboxymethyl-(−)-epicatechin, icariside E-5, xylopyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone, 2-C-β-d-xylopyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone	Chen et al. (2008a, b), Rancon et al. (1999)
D. mariesii MOORE	Davallin, 5-O-beta-d-(6-O-vanilloylglucopyranosyl)gentisic acid, 4-O-beta-d-(6-O-vanilloylglucopyranosyl)vanillic acid, procyanidin B-2 and B-5, epicatechin-(-(4β → 8)-epicatechin-(4β → 6)-epicatechin, epicatechin-(4β → 6)–epicatechin-(4β → 8)-epicatechin-(4β → 6)-epicatechin, protocatechuic acid, 1-naphthol-β-d-glucopyranoside, davallialactone, (±)-eriodictyol 7-O-beta-d-glucuronide, caffeic acid, 4-O-beta-d-glucopyranosylcaffeic acid, 4-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-p-coumaric acid	Cui et al. (1990, 1993)
D. divaricata Blume	Davallic acid, (+)-catechin 3-O-β-d-allopyranoside, (−)epicatechin 3-O-β-d-allopyranoside, procyanidins B-1 and B-2, trimeric procyanidin, β-carboxymethyl-(−)-epicatechin, and epiafzelechin-(4β → 6)-epicatechin-(4β → 8)-epicatechin-(4β → 6)-epicatechin	Hwang et al. (1989, 1990)