Central Illustration.

Multidimensional Relationship Between Cancer, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease

Hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and cancer have a number of common risk factors, including smoking, diabetes, and obesity, which in turn are associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. Cancer and cancer treatment are risk factors for hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Hypertension and chronic kidney disease have a bidirectional relationship. Chronic kidney disease is associated with an increased risk of several cancers, including urothelial cancer, skin cancer, and thyroid cancer.