Table 4.
Task-switching paradigm: mean response times and accuracy by group, phase, and task condition/effect
| Interpretation students | Translation students | Non-language students | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Response time (ms) | Accuracy (%) | Response time (ms) | Accuracy (%) | Response time (ms) | Accuracy (%) | |
| Phase 1 | ||||||
| Single task | 469 (87) | 98.1 (2.5) | 514 (98) | 99.3 (1.5) | 487 (52) | 97.7 (2.5) |
| Repetition | 773 (202) | 97.4 (2.2) | 811 (222) | 98.0 (2.3) | 806 (169) | 96.5 (2.3) |
| Switch | 929 (269) | 95.0 (4.5) | 990 (270) | 95.1 (3.8) | 960 (207) | 94.0 (4.1) |
| Mixing cost | 304 (156) | 0.7 (2.6) | 297 (158) | 1.4 (2.6) | 320 (158) | 1.2 (2.5) |
| Switching cost | 155 (101) | 2.4 (3.8) | 179 (95) | 2.9 (2.6) | 154 (85) | 2.5 (3.4) |
| Phase 2 | ||||||
| Single task | 423 (66) | 98.1 (2.7) | 422 (60) | 97.6 (3.8) | 445 (71) | 97.6 (2.4) |
| Repetition | 666 (187) | 97.3 (2.4) | 640 (196) | 96.4 (4.7) | 673 (130) | 95.9 (2.5) |
| Switch | 797 (250) | 94.5 (4.8) | 787 (253) | 89.4 (7.7) | 778 (150) | 91.9 (4.6) |
| Mixing cost | 242 (141) | 0.9 (2.5) | 218 (146) | 1.2 (2.4) | 228 (107) | 1.7 (3.8) |
| Switching cost | 131 (99) | 2.7 (3.8) | 147 (98) | 7.0 (5.9) | 105 (68) | 4.0 (4.1) |
Values in parentheses are standard deviations. The data reported above are for the students who participated longitudinally