Table 5. Patients who failed to achieve R0 resection.

Patient	Type of ESD	Pre-ESD diagnosis	Post-ESD diagnosis	Margin positive
1	Non-salvage	HGD	T1a	HGD (lateral margin)
2	Non-salvage	HGD	T1a	EAC (lateral margin)
3	Salvage	HGD	T1a	EAC (vertical margin)
4	Non-salvage	T1a	T1b	EAC (lateral margin)
5	Non-salvage	T1a	T1b	EAC (vertical margin)
6	Salvage	T1a	T1b	EAC (lateral margin)
7	Salvage	T1a	T1b	EAC (vertical margin)

ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; HGD, high-grade dysplasia; EAC, early esophageal carcinoma