Table 2.

Results of linear mixed model analyses based on metrics derived from anteroposterior GRF. The two rows present the results of analyses focused on the indicated gait metric. For each independent variable, the parameter estimate is presented, followed by the 95% confidence interval for the parameter estimate in brackets, and the p-value for this independent variable. For the categorical Condition variable, the parameter estimate quantifies the average difference in each gait metric between the SS condition (comparison group) and the FC condition (reference group). For the remaining continuous variables, the parameter estimates quantify the linear regression coefficients. Significant contributing factors are indicated in bolded italics.

	Condition		Walking speed (m/s)	Propulsive impulse (Ns/BW)	Late braking impulse (Ns/BW)	Propulsion onset time (%GC)	Constant term
	SS	FC
Swing leg knee flexion (degrees)	0.3 [−2.6 3.3] p=0.81	0	15 [1 28] p=0.032	4.2 [−0.7 9.2] p=0.092	−14.9 [−29.0 –0.8] p=0.039	−0.02 [−0.33 0.28] p=0.87	36 [26 47]
Swing leg circumduction (mm)	−7.6 [−12.8 –2.1] p=0.009	0	−14 [−37 10] p=0.25	−9.9 [−18.7 –1.1] p=0.029	25.9 [3.9 47.9] p=0.023	−0.35 [−0.92 0.22] p=0.21	39 [22 57]