Table 1.
Demographics
| Total n=989 (100%) | Light n=307 (31%) | Moderate n=382 (38.6%) | Heavy n=300 (30.3%) | X2 or F | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female (%) | 580 (59.0%) | 183 (59.6%) | 230 (60.2%) | 167 (55.7%) | 1.6 | 0.449 |
| Age: mean ± SD | 49.6 ± 13.7 | 52.4 ± 14.0 | 49.4 ± 13.6 | 46.9 ± 13.0 | 41.5 | <0.0001 |
| Age category | 25.0 | <0.0001 | ||||
| 18-25 | 40 (4.0%) | 13 (4.2%) | 15 (3.9%) | 12 (4.0%) | ||
| 26-34 | 131 (13.3%) | 24 (7.8%) | 51 (13.4%) | 56 (18.7%) | ||
| 35-49 | 291 (29.5%) | 89 (29.0%) | 115 (30.2%) | 87 (29.0%) | ||
| 50-64 | 379 (38.4%) | 108 (35.2%) | 150 (39.4%) | 121 (40.3%) | ||
| 65+ | 147 (14.9%) | 73 (23.8%) | 50 (13.1%) | 24 (8.0%) | ||
| Marital status | 18.5 | 0.048 | ||||
| Single | 182 (18.5%) | 48 (15.7%) | 74 (19.4%) | 60 (20.0%) | ||
| Married | 485 (49.2%) | 169 (55.4%) | 190 (49.9%) | 126 (42.0%) | ||
| Living together | 145 (14.7%) | 34 (11.1%) | 53 (13.9%) | 58 (19.3%) | ||
| In a relationship but not living together | 42 (4.3%) | 12 (3.9%) | 17 (4.5%) | 13 (4.3%) | ||
| Divorced | 98 (9.9%) | 27 (8.9%) | 37 (9.7%) | 34 (11.3%) | ||
| Widowed | 34 (3.4%) | 15 (4.9%) | 10 (2.6%) | 9 (3.0%) | ||
| Education | 19.7 | 0.003 | ||||
| High school / GED or less | 10 (1.0%) | 35 (11.4%) | 60 (15.7%) | 56 (18.7%) | ||
| Associates / some college, no degree | 141 (14.3%) | 119 (38.9%) | 171 (44.9%) | 142 (47.3%) | ||
| Bachelors | 432 (43.8%) | 86 (28.1%) | 93 (24.4%) | 67 (22.3%) | ||
| Masters/ Doctoral/ Professional | 246 (24.9%) | 66 (21.6%) | 57 (15.0%) | 35 (11.7%) | ||
| Household Income ($US) | 20.9 | 0.022 | ||||
| Less than $10,000 | 84 (8.7%) | 20 (6.7%) | 35 (9.4%) | 29 (9.8%) | ||
| $10,000 - $39,999 | 307 (31.7%) | 79 (26.5%) | 128 (34.4%) | 100 (33.7%) | ||
| $40,000 - $69,999 | 229 (23.7%) | 70 (23.5%) | 78 (21.0%) | 81 (27.3%) | ||
| $70,000 - $99,999 | 167 (17.3%) | 60 (20.1%) | 66 (17.7%) | 41 (13.8%) | ||
| $100,000 - $149,999 | 109 (11.3%) | 37 (12.4%) | 39 (10.5%) | 33 (11.1%) | ||
| More than $150,000 | 71 (7.3%) | 32 (10.7%) | 26 (7.0%) | 13 (4.4%) | ||
| Drinker (yes/no) | 609 (69.8%) | 197 (73.0%) | 231 (69.8%) | 181 (66.5%) | 2.65 | 0.266 |
| Cigarette intake | 33.7 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Never smoker | 283 (32.4%) | 119 (44.1%) | 105 (31.8%) | 59 (21.6%) | ||
| Former smoker | 427 (48.9%) | 117 (43.3%) | 159 (48.2%) | 151 (55.3%) | ||
| Current Smoker | 163 (18.7%) | 34 (12.6%) | 66 (20.0%) | 63 (23.1%) | ||
| % not taking concomitant pain medications | 383 (38.8%) | 112 (36.5%) | 144 (37.8%) | 127 (42.5%) | 2.6 | 0.278 |
| Opioid analgesics (% yes) | 147 (15.0%) | 42 (13.8%) | 59 (15.6%) | 46 (15.5%) | 0.5 | 0.780 |
| Benzodiazepines (% yes) | 126 (12.9%) | 41 (13.5%) | 46 (12.1%) | 39 (13.2%) | 0.3 | 0.857 |
Table 1. Values represent frequency (n), percent (%) and mean ± standard deviation (SD). Differences assessed via Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Tests were two tailed, with significance set at p < 0.05. Significant p values are bold.