TABLE 1.
Patient clinical and demographic details.
| Demographic characteristics | Healthy endemic | Febrile patients | Plasmodium vivax | p-valueAB | p-valueBC | p-valueAC | p-valueCD | ||
| (n = 34)A | (n = 21)B | Before malaria treatment (n = 81)#C | After malaria treatment (n = 38)D | ||||||
| Gender | Female (%) | 12 (35%) | 10 (48%) | 22 (27%) | 6 (15%) | ||||
| Age, mean | Years ± SD | 34.7 ± 11.7 | 40.3 ± 14.6 | 38.7 ± 10.8 | 39.9 ± 10.6 | ||||
| Number of malaria episodes | First malaria | 41 (51%) | 11 (31%) | ||||||
| >1 malaria | 40 (49%) | 27 (69%) | |||||||
| Days with fever (symptoms)§ | <6 days | 11 (73%) | 52 (69%) | 24 (65%) | |||||
| >6 days | 4 (27%) | 23 (31%) | 13 (35%) | ||||||
| Hematological parameters (mean ± SD) | |||||||||
| Hematocrit (%) | 45.9 ± 5.0 | 40.5 ± 2.8 | 41.9 ± 6.7 | 44.9 ± 3.3 | 0.0006 | > 0.9999 | 0.0002 | <0.0005 | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 16.4 ± 12.2 | 13.9 ± 0.9 | 13.8 ± 2.3 | 13.8 ± 1.3 | > 0.9999 | > 0.9999 | 0.1852 | > 0.9999 | |
| White blood cells (×103/μL) | 6.4 ± 1.1 | 5.7 ± 1.4 | 4.5 ± 1.8 | 5.9 ± 1.4 | 0.0627 | 0.3913 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| Red blood cells (×106/μL) | 5.2 ± 6.4 | 4.2 ± 1.3 | 5.1 ± 8.7 | 4.9 ± 5.1 | 0.0005 | 0.0038 | 0.6103 | > 0.9999 | |
| Mean corpuscular volume (fL) | 89.3 ± 4.5 | 89.4 ± 5.2 | 87.2 ± 3.4 | 89.3 ± 3.2 | > 0.9999 | 0.2684 | 0.0398 | 0.0081 | |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (pg) | 27.6 ± 1.4 | 30.7 ± 2.1 | 27.9 ± 2.4 | 27.8 ± 1.4 | 0.0004 | <0.0001 | > 0.9999 | > 0.9999 | |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (g/dL) | 31.1 ± 0.9 | 34.3 ± 1.1 | 31.6 ± 1.6 | 31.1 ± 0.8 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.2776 | 0.8746 | |
| Mean platelet volume (fL) | 9.3 ± 0.9 | 8.5 ± 0.8 | 10.5 ± 1.1 | 9.8 ± 1.1 | 0.6782 | <0.0001 | 0.0011 | 0.1037 | |
| Platelet (×103/μL) | 256 ± 71.6 | 246 ± 62 | 110 ± 57.3 | 235 ± 56.9 | > 0.9999 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | |
Before malaria treatment (BRx): Day 0 on enrolment; After malaria treatment (ARx):>28 days after treatment; >1 malaria episodes, Median episode number = 3 (IQR: 2-5.75)]; #Median Parasitemia (Parasites/mm3) = 2158 (IQR, 537.6 - 4185); §Missing patient data.