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Diagram illustrating the mechanisms of RNAi in breaking down the mRNA of viral and cellular targets. The siRNA, double strands RNA, and shRNA need to penetrate the cell membrane before they are able to perform RNA interference. The RNA interference mediated by double strands RNA is DICER dependent, whereas the effects of exogenous siRNA and shRNA are DICER independent, which is similar to the mechanism of microRNA that cleaves RNA by RISC
