Table 4: Factors associated with high risk prescribing.
| Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital characteristics | |||
| Teaching hospital | 1.51 | (1.03 2.21) | 0.034 |
| Hospital size (ref: Medium) | |||
| Small | 0.69 | (0.44 1.08) | 0.104 |
| Large | 0.96 | (0.66 1.39) | 0.829 |
| Unknown | 4.34 | (1.58 11.88) | 0.004 |
| For-profit hospital | 0.88 | (0.45 1.71) | 0.706 |
| Patient characteristics | |||
| Female | 0.97 | (0.87 1.08) | 0.588 |
| Age | 0.99 | (0.98 0.99) | <0.001 |
| Type of surgery (ref: General) | |||
| Joint/Spine | 18. 08 | (15.07 21.69) | <0.001 |
| Oncologic | 1.62 | (1.08 2.43) | 0.019 |
| Cardiothoracic/Vascular | 3.29 | (2.37 4.56) | <0.001 |
| Gynecologic | 0.97 | (0.76 1.25) | 0.828 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory connective tissue disease | 1.25 | (1.00 1.57) | 0.053 |
| Spinal cord disorders/injuries | 1.08 | (0.71 1.65) | 0.723 |
| Bone/joint/muscle infections/necrosis | 1.13 | (0.76 1.70) | 0.546 |
| Intestinal obstruction/perforation | 2.40 | (1.58 3.63) | <0.001 |
| Aspiration and bacterial pneumonias | 2.25 | (0.92 5.51) | 0.076 |
| Morbid obesity | 1.14 | (0.96 1.35) | 0.143 |
| Ischemic or unspecified stroke | 1.34 | (0.71 2.52) | 0.364 |
| Major depressive, bipolar, paranoia disorders | 1.40 | (1.07 1.82) | 0.015 |
| Multiple sclerosis | 1.24 | (0.64 2.40) | 0.533 |
| Lymphoma and other cancers | 1.95 | (1.14 3.34) | 0.015 |
| Coagulation defects and other hematological disorders | 1.30 | (1.03 1.64) | 0.030 |
Results of the multi-level logistic regression model. Outcome is any high risk prescribing. Ref=reference.