Table 6.

Association of growth forms of Gardnerella spp. and Lactobacillus species in relation to clinical characteristics in BV-positive women (Ison-Hay criteria^a).

Bacterial growth form	HIV status				UTI symptoms				Abnormal discharge
	HIV-negative (%) (n = 19)	HIV-positive (%) (n = 31)	ORb (95% CI)	p-value	Absent (%) (n = 37)	Present (%) (n = 13)	ORc (95% CI)	p-value	Absent (%) (n = 40)	Present (%) (n = 10)	ORd (95% CI)	p-value
Gardnerella spp.
Absent	2 (11e)	3 (10)	Reff	1.0g	3 (8e)	2 (15)	Reff	0.60g	5 (13e)	0 (0)	Reff	0.57g
Dispersed	0 (0)	0 (0)	-h	-	0 (0)	0 (0)	-	-	0 (0)	0 (0)	-	-
Biofilm	17 (89)	28 (90)	-	-	34 (92)	11 (85)	-	-	35 (88)	10 (100)	-	-
Lactobacillus species
Absent	1 (5e)	8 (26)	Reff	0.065g	7 (19e)	2 (15)	Reff	0.11g	7 (18e)	2 (20)	Reff	0.86g
Dispersed	15 (79)	22 (71)	-	-	29 (78)	8 (62)	-	-	29 (73)	8 (80)	-	-
Biofilm	3 (16)	1 (3)	-	-	1 (3)	3 (23)	-	-	4 (10)	0 (0)	-	-

^aClass IV and 0 omitted for comparison with Nugent scoring.

^bOdds ratio (95% confidence interval) adjusted by pregnancy status; Exposure: bacterial growth forms; outcome: HIV-negative vs. HIV-positive; Entering significance level of 0.05; Removing significance level of 0.1; only significant OR was displayed.

^cOdds ratio (95% confidence interval) adjusted by pregnancy status; Exposure: bacterial growth forms; outcome: UTI symptoms absent vs. UTI symptoms present; Entering significance level of 0.05; Removing significance level of 0.1; only significant OR was displayed.

^dOdds ratio (95% confidence interval) adjusted by pregnancy status; Exposure: bacterial growth forms; outcome: abnormal vaginal discharge absent vs. abnormal vaginal discharge present; Entering significance level of 0.05; Removing significance level of 0.1; only significant OR was displayed.

^eColumn percentage between bacterial growth forms.

^fUsed as reference category for OR.

^gFisher's exact test.

^hNot available or not applicable.