Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Participants
| Training | Test | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | NFG | IFG | T2DM | All | NFG | IFG | T2DM | |
| n (females/males) | 173 (97/76) | 61 (23/38) | 52 (21/31) | 60 (32/28) | 86 (43/43) | 30 (8/22) | 23 (14, 9) | 33 (21, 12) |
| Age, years | 55 (47, 68) | 47 (39, 60) | 66 (53, 71) | 60 (52, 67) | 54 (45, 65) | 45 (38, 54) | 53 (43, 65) | 60 (52, 69) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.4 (24.6, 32.2) | 25.2 (23.0, 28.7) | 27.6 (25.1, 30.8) | 31.3 (28.6, 33.9) | 28.7 (24.6, 31.6) | 25.8 (23.2, 30.4) | 28.1 (24.8, 35.0) | 29.5 (27.4, 32.0) |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.8 (5.3, 6.4) | 5.3 (5.1, 5.4) | 5.9 (5.8, 6.3) | 6.9 (6.1, 8.5) | 5.8 (5.3, 6.5) | 5.2 (4.9, 5.3) | 5.9 (5.7, 6.3) | 7.0 (6.2, 7.5) |
| Fasting insulin, μU/mL | 7 (5, 10) | 5 (4, 7) | 8 (6, 10) | 9 (6, 13) | 8 (6, 12) | 7 (4, 9) | 9 (6. 14) | 10 (6, 18) |
| M-value, µmol/kg body weight/min | 20.0 (11.7, 32.7) | 33.1 (22.7, 40.9) | 21.0 (12.7, 30.2) | 11.0 (8.5, 16.5) | 18.3 (11.5, 28.6) | 27.4 (19.0, 37.7) | 17.4 (11.5, 29.2) | 11.9 (8.7, 21.4) |
| Muscle GU, µmol/kg tissue/min | 29.3 (16.4, 55.4) | 58.0 (31.7, 68.9) | 28.5 (19.7, 52.7) | 16.1 (12.0, 26.5) | 27.6 (16.8, 48.0) | 41.2 (26.7, 64.7) | 26.6 (13.0, 42.5) | 19.8 (12.9, 30.6) |
Data represented as median (interquartile range).
Abbreviations: IFG, impaired fasting glucose; M-value, whole-body insulin sensitivity; Muscle GU, skeletal muscle glucose uptake; NFG, normal fasting glucose; T2DM, type 2 diabetes.