Table 2.

Cross-sectional association between DGIH/BMI and depressive symptoms (age 18)

Predictor	Regression coefficient (95% CI) for depressive symptoms
	Adjustments
	Unadjusted model			Demographic adjustments (sex, birth social class, ethnicity, maternal education, maternal EPDS score)		Lifestyle adjustments (BMIa, HOMA2b, smoking, alcohol use physical activity)		Immune adjustments [IL-6 (9 years), CRP (18 years)]		Complete model (all adjustments)
Depressive symptoms
	n	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p	β (95% CI)	p
HOMA2	3208	0.04 (0.02–0.30)	0.023*	0.05 (−0.07–0.21)	0.336	0.04 (−0.09 to 0.18)	0.100	0.04 (0.01–0.31)	0.031*	0.03 (−0.01 to 0.18)	0.638
FPG	3208	−0.05 (−0.36 to −0.02)	0.014*	−0.02 (−0.17–0.13)	0.816	−0.04 (−0.30 to 0.07)	0.067	−0.04 (−0.32 to −0.02)	0.021*	−0.04 (−0.18 to 0.11)	0.636
Fasting insulin	3208	0.05 (0.03–0.33)	0.013*	0.06 (−0.06–0.13)	0.282	0.05 (−0.02 to 0.12)	0.059	0.04 (0.01–0.17)	0.023*	0.05 (−0.11 to 0.20)	0.553
BMI	3208	0.03 (0.01–0.08)	0.046*	0.03 (−0.01–0.07)	0.144	0.03 (−0.01 to 0.07)	0.062	0.03 (0.01–0.09)	0.031*	0.02 (−0.02 to 0.06)	0.240

^aNot adjusted for in BMI analysis.

^bNot adjusted for in HOMA/FPG/FI analysis.

*Indicates p < 0.05.