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. 2020 Mar 24;11:1539. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15344-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a, b Culture supernatant from bacteria was separated into fractions of <10 kDa and >10 kDa by filtration and each fraction was added to A549 alveolar epithelial cells after 1/10 dilution to determine apoptosis by flow cytometry. For each group, n = 3. Bars indicate the means ± S.D. Statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey’s test. *p < 0.001 vs medium control. LMW low molecular weight, HMW high molecular weight. The source data underlying b are provided in the Source Data file.