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. 2020 Mar 24;10:5345. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62161-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Protective effect of selected strains in a mouse model of TNBS-induced colitis. Individual bacterial strains Lr 5454 and Bl 5764 (5 × 10⁸ CFU of each) or PBS were daily administered for 5 days before and 1 day after TNBS induction to BALB/c mice which were sacrificed 48 hrs after colitis induction. (A) Weight loss was evaluated as a percentage of the initial weight at the day of sacrifice; (B) Macroscopic description of inflammation (Wallace score). C) Histological analyses of inflammation (Ameho score). (D) Detection of lipocalin-2 in feces by ELISA and E) correlation of lipocalin-2 with Wallace score. (F) Representative histology of May-Grünwald stained sections (x10) of the distal colon from mice with acute TNBS-induced colitis that have been administered or not with bacteria. (G–J) Colonic gene expression of inflammatory markers followed by qRT-PCR (Il1b, Il6, Mip2 and Tnfa). Typical data of one of the two independent experiments is shown (10 mice per group). The values are expressed as mean ± SEM. *Refers to the comparisons of bacteria-treated groups versus the TNBS control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.