TABLE 1.
Oxidizing species – their targets and products.
| Oxidizing species (source) | Target | Oxidative damage product | References |
| Superoxide anions | Guanine | 5-Diamino-4H-imidazolone (Iz) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) | Misiaszek et al. (2004) |
| Singlet oxygen | Guanine | 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine and spiroiminodihydantoin | DeFedericis et al. (2006) |
| Hydroxyl radicals | Adenine/adenosine | 5-Formamido-6-aminopyrimidine type product (FAPy) adenine and adenosine; 8-hydroxyadenine or -adenosine | Steenken (1989) |
| Cytosine | 5-Hydroxy-5,6-dihydrocytos-6-yl and 6-hydroxy-5,6- dihydrocytos-5-yl | Chabita et al. (1996) | |
| 5-Methylcytosine | 5,6-Dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-5-methylcytosine; 1-carbamoyl-4,5-dihydroxy-5-methyl-2-oxo-imidazolidine; aminocarbonyl[2-amino]-carbamic acid and N-formamide and 4-amino-1-5-dihydro-5-methyl-2-H-imidazol-2-one | Bienvenu and Cadet (1996), Bienvenu et al. (1996) | |
| Nitrous anhydride | Adenine | Hypoxanthine | Burney et al. (1999) |
| Cytosine | Uracil | ||
| 5-Methylcytosine | Thymine | ||
| Guanine | Xanthine | ||
| Peroxynitrite | Deoxyguanosine | 8-Nitro-deoxyguanosine | Douki and Cadet (1996), Burcham (1999) |
| Deoxyadenosine | 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyadenosine | Douki and Cadet (1996) | |
| Guanine | 8-Nitroguanine | Love (2006) |