| 1 | IW:IL ratio < 0.5 | 2 |
| – | IW:IL ratio > 0.5 | 3 |
| 2 | Leaves spreading, blades green, narrowly ovate to ovate, petioles usually ¾ the length of the IL or longer; seed apex rounded or obtuse; Carolinas and e Georgia | 1. F. gardenii |
| – | Leaves erect, blades blue-green or gray-green, obovate, petioles 1/3–1/2 the length of the IL; seed apex acute to acuminate, if acuminate often recurved; Alabama, nw Florida, and w Georgia | 3. F. milleri |
| 3 | Leaves spreading, bases usually V-cordate or V-rounded; Piedmont and Mountains (rarely in Coastal Plain-like seep communities) | 2. F. major |
| – | Leaves drooping, bases cordate; Coastal Plain (Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina) | 4. F. parvifolia |
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