Table 1. Characteristics of Infants Testing Negative or Positive in Each Screening Stage.
| Characteristic | Stage 1 (n = 123 279)a,b | Stage 2 (n = 1334)a,c,d | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No./total (%) | P valuee | P valuef | No./total (%) | P valuee | P valuef | |||
| Negative screening result | Positive screening result | Negative screening result | Positive screening result | |||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 61 835/121 924 (50.7) | 732/1354 (54.1) | .01 | .02 | 653/1215 (53.7) | 68/119 (57.1) | .48 | .07 |
| Female | 60 089/121 924 (49.3) | 622/1354 (45.9) | 562/1215 (46.3) | 51/119 (42.9) | ||||
| Gestational age | ||||||||
| Extremely preterm | 475/68 492 (0.7) | 18/826 (2.2) | <.001 | <.001 | 10/730 (1.4) | 3/82 (3.7) | .03 | .94 |
| Preterm | 871/68 492 (1.3) | 32/826 (3.9) | <.001 | <.001 | 15/730 (2.1) | 17/82 (20.7) | <.001 | .02 |
| Late preterm | 6744/68 492 (9.8) | 60/826 (7.3) | .03 | .20 | 42/730 (5.8) | 15/82 (18.3) | <.001 | .12 |
| Term | 60 402/68 492 (88.2) | 716/826 (86.7) | Reference | Reference | 663/730 (90.8) | 47/82 (57.3) | Reference | Reference |
| Race | ||||||||
| White | 74 871/106 798 (70.1) | 738/1099 (67.2) | Reference | Reference | 675/993 (68.0) | 53/87 (60.9) | Reference | Reference |
| Black | 14 847/106 798 (13.9) | 237/1099 (21.6) | <.001 | <.001 | 207/993 (20.8) | 22/87 (25.3) | .26 | .83 |
| Asian | 7913/106 798 (7.4) | 56/1099 (5.1) | .02 | .67 | 53/993 (5.3) | 3/87 (3.4) | .59 | .68 |
| Otherg | 9167/106 798 (8.6) | 68/1099 (6.2) | .03 | .05 | 58/993 (5.8) | 9/87 (10.3) | .08 | .48 |
| Hispanic | 48 122/99 904 (48.2) | 512/1061 (48.3) | .95 | .95 | 465/960 (48.4) | 40/84 (47.6) | .89 | .60 |
| Birth season | ||||||||
| Winter | 30 006/121 925 (24.6) | 305/1354 (22.5) | Reference | Reference | 272/1215 (22.4) | 29/119 (24.4) | Reference | Reference |
| Spring | 34 648/121 925 (28.4) | 385/1354 (28.4) | .25 | .04 | 344/1215 (28.3) | 33/119 (27.7) | .69 | .93 |
| Summer | 28 443/121 925 (23.3) | 314/1354 (23.2) | .31 | .05 | 287/1215 (23.6) | 22/119 (18.5) | .26 | .56 |
| Fall | 28 828/121 925 (23.6) | 350/1354 (25.8) | .02 | .67 | 312/1215 (25.7) | 35/119 (29.4) | .85 | .49 |
| First bilirubin test | ||||||||
| Direct | 82 013/121 925 (67.3) | 1242/1354 (91.7) | <.001 | <.001 | 1146/1215 (94.3) | 88/119 (74.0) | <.001 | <.001 |
| Conjugated | 39 912/121 925 (32.7) | 112/1354 (8.3) | 69/1215 (5.7) | 31/119 (26.1) | ||||
The differences during each stage of screening were modeled using logistic regression.
The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used for the multivariable logistic regression model (P = .31).
The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used for the multivariable logistic regression model (P = .49).
There were 20 infants with positive screening results in stage 1 but were not tested in stage 2.
Two-sided test evaluating the hypothesis that selected characteristics are associated with the screening result for both stages in the unadjusted bivariable analyses.
Two-sided test evaluating the hypothesis that selected characteristics are associated with the screening result for both stages in the multivariable analyses adjusted for sex, gestational age, race, ethnicity, birth season, and first bilirubin test.
Included American Indian, Alaskan Native, or self-reported as other.