Table 2. Relative Risk of Unadjusted and Propensity Score–Matched Patients Developing NDDs After Receiving HMT.
| Characteristic | All NDDs | AD | Dementia | Non-AD Dementia | MS | PD | ALS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted cohort | |||||||
| Patients who received HMT,a No. (%) | 2272 (12.5) | 900 (5.0) | 1894 (10.5) | 1079 (6.0) | 129 (0.7) | 328 (1.8) | 15 (0.1) |
| Patients who did not receive HMT,b No. (%) | 5770 (14.5) | 2436 (6.1) | 4892 (12.3) | 2657 (6.7) | 306 (0.8) | 755 (1.9) | 22 (0.1) |
| Relative risk (95% CI) | 0.86 (0.82-0.90) | 0.81 (0.75-0.87) | 0.85 (0.80-0.89) | 0.89 (0.83-0.89) | 0.92 (0.75-1.13) | 0.95 (0.84-1.08) | 1.49 (0.78-2.85) |
| NNT | 50.17 | 85.61 | 53.53 | 137.21 | 1702 | 1094 | 3655 |
| P value | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .46 | .47 | .29 |
| Propensity score–matched cohortc | |||||||
| Patients who received HMT,a No. (%) | 2229 (12.5) | 877 (4.9) | 1862 (10.4) | 1040 (5.8) | NA | NA | NA |
| Patients who did not receive HMT,b No. (%) | 2559 (14.3) | 1068 (6.0) | 2116 (11.8) | 1106 (6.2) | NA | NA | NA |
| Relative risk (95% CI) | 0.89 (0.84-0.93) | 0.82 (0.75-0.90) | 0.88 (0.83-0.93) | 0.94 (0.87-1.02) | NA | NA | NA |
| NNT | 62.51 | 93.61 | 69.56 | 255.4 | NA | NA | NA |
| P value | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | .15 | NA | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; HMT, hormone-modulating therapy; MS, multiple sclerosis; NA, not applicable; NDD, neurodegenerative disease; NNT, number needed to treat; PD, Parkinson disease.
a
Unadjusted cohort, 18 126 patients; propensity score–matched cohort, 17 878 patients.
b
Unadjusted cohort, 39 717 patients; propensity score–matched cohort, 17 878 patients.
c
Adjusted for history of stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease before the diagnosis of breast cancer.