Table 3.
Preintervention-Postintervention Single-Legged Drop–Vertical-Jump Ankle and Knee Peak Kinematic Excursions and Cohen d Effect Sizes With 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs)
| Variable |
Group |
P Value |
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| Visual Biofeedback |
Control |
||||||||
| Mean ± SD, ° |
Effect Sizea (95% CI) |
Mean ± SD, ° |
Effect Sizea 95% CI) |
||||||
| Preintervention, |
Postintervention |
Preintervention |
Postintervention |
Time Main Effect |
Group Main Effect |
Group × Time Interaction |
|||
| Ankle | |||||||||
| Dorsiflexion | 46.80 ± 6.60 | 45.94 ± 13.07 | −0.08 (−0.88, 0.72) | 49.45 ± 5.47 | 49.78 ± 10.16 | 0.04 (−0.76, 0.84) | .92 | .25 | .83 |
| Eversion | 9.08 ± 2.30 | 10.85 ± 2.09 | 0.81 (−0.03, 1.64) | 10.18 ± 4.83 | 11.28 ± 5.42 | 0.21 (−0.59, 1.02) | .24 | .49 | .78 |
| Internal rotation | 15.32 ± 7.59 | 17.73 ± 6.21 | 0.34 (−0.46, 1.15) | 15.69 ± 6.36 | 17.37 ± 8.03 | 0.23 (−0.57, 1.03) | .04b | >.99 | .70 |
| Knee | |||||||||
| Flexion | 43.26 ± 9.81 | 42.89 ± 7.54 | −0.04 (−0.84, 0.76) | 47.32 ± 10.28 | 52.45 ± 7.08 | 0.58 (−0.24, 1.40) | .10 | .05 | .06 |
| Abduction | 7.95 ± 3.80 | 4.93 ± 1.64 | −1.03 (−1.88, −0.18) | 6.98 ± 2.99 | 8.04 ± 3.85 | 0.31 (−0.50, 1.11) | .18 | .34 | .008b |
| Internal rotation | 8.09 ± 3.23 | 6.99 ± 3.65 | −0.32 (−1.12, 0.49) | 7.72 ± 2.41 | 8.45 ± 2.81 | 0.28 (−0.53, 1.08) | .83 | .52 | .33 |
a
A positive effect size indicates an increase in kinematic excursion postintervention.
b
Between-groups difference (P < .05).