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. 2019 Feb 14;156(8):2190–2197.e10. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.02.004

Table 5.

Association Between Demographic Variables at Birth and Clinical Events in the First Year of Life (Infections, Gastrointestinal Illnesses, Failure to Thrive, and Hospital Readmission) and the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Under Age 20 Years Among All Persons With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (n = 591) Compared to Controls (n = 4491)

Effect Comparison OR estimate 95% Wald confidence limits P value
Infection year 1 Yes vs no 1.63 1.18, 2.24 .003
Socioeconomic status
 Q2 Q2 vs Q1 1.46 1.09, 1.96 .01
 Q3 Q3 vs Q1 1.11 0.81, 1.51 .52
 Q4 Q4 vs Q1 1.37 1.01, 1.86 .04
 Q5 Q5 vs Q1 1.43 1.02, 2.00 .03
Geography Rural vs urban 0.98 0.73, 1.31 .87
Apgar 1 min 7+ vs <7 1.09 0.83, 1.43 .55
ICU admission No vs yes 1.14 0.63, 2.05 .67
Gestational age 1.02 0.96, 1.08 .57
Birth weight 1.000 1.000, 1.000 .71
Readmitted in year 1 No vs yes 1.13 0.84, 1.53 .43
Cesarean section Yes vs no 1.14 0.89, 1.45 .29
Maternal IBD Yes vs no 4.95 3.18, 7.71 <.001
Hospitalized for GI Yes vs no 0.60 0.28, 1.27 .18

GI, gastrointestinal; ICU, intensive care unit; Q, quintile.