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. 2019 Jan 14;167:41–45. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.12.002

Table 1.

Clinical information on affected dams

Dam case number Breed Delivery Litter size Number of puppies not fed colostrum Number of puppies died (died/not fed colostrum)
1 Pug Caesarean section 9 9 8 (8/9)
2 Mixed Natural delivery (mother died during delivery) 8 8 5 (5/8)
3 Poodle Natural delivery 5 2 2 (2/2)
4 Pug Caesarean section 8 8 7 (7/8)

These puppies were fed a milk substitute because they were born smaller than the other littermates and did not take in colostrum on their own.