Table I.
Characteristics | Cases (n = 83) | Controls (n = 83) | P value∗ |
---|---|---|---|
Male sex, n (%) | 44 (53.0) | 44 (53.0) | 1 |
Age, y | |||
Mean ± SD | 4.1 ± 2.3 | 3.8 ± 2.3 | .41 |
Range | 0.6-13.1 | 0.6-12.4 | |
Number of siblings, n (%) | |||
1 | 40 (48.2) | 44 (53.0) | .39 |
2 | 29 (34.9) | 22 (26.5) | |
≥3 | 12 (14.5) | 15 (18.1) | |
NR | 2 (2.4) | 2 (2.4) | |
Father's profession, n (%) | |||
Senior executive or self-employed | 26 (31.3) | 22 (26.5) | .54 |
Employee | 23 (27.7) | 33 (39.8) | |
Farmer/craftsman, storekeeper, head of company | 14 (16.9) | 15 (18.1) | |
Others† | 17 (20.5) | 12 (14.5) | |
NR | 3 (3.6) | 2 (2.4) | |
Mother's profession, n (%) | |||
Senior executive or self employed | 25 (30.1) | 23 (27.7) | .55 |
Employee | 35 (42.2) | 31 (37.3) | |
Farmer/craftswoman, storekeeper, head of company | 3 (3.6) | 4 (4.8) | |
Others† | 17 (20.5) | 23 (27.7) | |
NR | 3 (3.6) | 2 (2.4) | |
Site of viral infection,‡n (%) | |||
Upper respiratory tract | 52 (62.7) | 48 (57.8) | .21 |
Lower respiratory tract | 19 (22.9) | 28 (33.7) | |
Others | 12 (14.5) | 7 (8.4) | |
Fever on day 1 of viral infection, n (%) | |||
No | 40 (48.2) | 27 (32.5) | .19 |
Yes | 37 (44.6) | 42 (50.6) | |
NR | 6 (7.2) | 14 (16.9) | |
Vaccinated with PCV-7,§n (%) | 45 (54.2) | 48 (57.8) | .62 |
Drug used on day 1 of viral infection | |||
Antibiotic intake, n (%) | 7 (8.4) | 12 (14.5) | .21 |
Beta-lactam agent | 5 | 9 | |
Macrolide | 1 | 1 | |
Others | 1 | 3 | |
NSAID intake, n (%) | 32 (38.6) | 22 (26.5) | .08 |
Ibuprofen | 32 | 21 | |
Ketoprofen | 0 | 1 | |
Other antipyretic intake, n (%) | 39 (46.9) | 41 (49.4) | .79 |
Acetaminophen | 39 | 41 |
NR, not reported.
P value of McNemar or Mantel-Haenszel χ2 tests.
Unemployed, housewife/husband, student, or other.
Upper respiratory tract: rhinopharyngitis and pharyngitis; lower respiratory tract: bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and flu-like syndrome; others: gastroenteritis and varicella.
At least 1 dose of PCV-7.