Table 5. The relationship between MRI findings and short-term neuropsychological outcomes.
Intelligence | Memory | Language & semantic ability | Executive function | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Verbal IQ | Performance IQ | Fullscale IQ | Visual recall | Verbal recall | Visual recognition | Verbal recognition | Graded naming (total correct) | FAS | Executive control (TMT A-B) | Response initiation speed (Hayling) | Response suppression speed (Hayling) | Response suppression accuracy (Hayling) | Rule detection (Brixton) | ||
Hippocampus | Left | -0.29 | -0.32 | -0.34* | -0.35* | -0.23 | -0.25 | -0.08 | -0.29 | -0.30 | 0.16 | -0.41* | -0.20 | -0.43** | -0.11 |
Right | -0.24 | -0.31 | -0.30 | -0.43** | -0.17 | -0.38* | 0.00 | -0.16 | -0.20 | 0.15 | -0.37* | -0.44** | -0.23 | -0.06 | |
Medial temporal lobe | Left | -0.35* | -0.33* | -0.38* | -0.38* | -0.26 | -0.21 | -0.20 | -0.34* | -0.29 | 0.14 | -0.41* | -0.27 | -0.36* | -0.18 |
Right | -0.25 | -0.31 | -0.31 | -0.51** | -0.12 | -0.43** | -0.01 | -0.16 | -0.13 | 0.15 | -0.28 | -0.40* | -0.19 | -0.16 | |
Lateral temporal lobe | Left | -0.24 | -0.02 | -0.16 | 0.05 | -0.12 | 0.08 | -0.31 | -0.39* | -0.24 | -0.14 | -0.25 | -0.07 | -0.25 | -0.09 |
Right | -0.24 | -0.29 | -0.29 | -0.18 | -0.03 | -0.34* | 0.03 | -0.14 | -0.07 | -0.08 | -0.15 | -0.18 | -0.08 | -0.01 | |
Inferior frontal lobe | Left | -0.30 | -0.25 | -0.31 | -0.12 | -0.12 | -0.13 | 0.00 | -0.35* | -0.13 | -0.07 | -0.06 | 0.04 | -0.21 | -0.07 |
Right | -0.17 | -0.26 | -0.23 | -0.15 | 0.05 | -0.31 | 0.15 | -0.05 | 0.00 | -0.06 | 0.16 | -0.24 | -0.02 | -0.12 | |
Dorso-lateral frontal cortex | Left | 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 0.24 | 0.02 | 0.21 | -0.03 | 0.11 | -0.10 | -0.06 | 0.14 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.14 |
Right | 0.07 | -0.11 | -0.02 | 0.24 | -0.03 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.07 | -0.17 | -0.03 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.12 |
Point-biserial correlations between the presence or absence of damage and neuropsychological scores are shown.
Notations
** p≤0.01
* p≤0.05. Abbreviations: TMT (Trail Making Test), FAS (F-A-S verbal fluency test)