Table 3. SS scores, mental alertness on rising, and sleep quality on a 7-point Likert scale in PP dataset (n=39).

SS, sleep scale; PP per-protocol.

Sleep Scale scores	Ashwagandha			95% CI		Placebo			95% CI
	N	Mean	SD	Lower	Upper	N	Mean	SD	Lower	Upper
Baseline	25	7.53	1.867	3.87	11.19	25	7.45	3.236	1.11	13.79
Week 4	19	6.79	1.843	3.18	10.40	20	7.1	3.076	1.07	13.13
Week 8	19	6.37	1.832	2.78	9.96	20	6.85	2.996	0.98	12.72
Week 12	19	5.00	1.886	1.30	8.70	20	6.35	2.996	0.48	12.22
Mental alertness on rising	Ashwagandha			95% C.I.		Placebo			95% C.I.
	N	Mean	SD	Lower	Upper	N	Mean	SD	Lower	Upper
Baseline	25	2.24	0.663	0.94	3.54	25	2.2	0.645	0.94	3.46
Week 4	19	1.47	0.612	0.27	2.67	20	1.7	0.733	0.26	3.14
Week 8	19	1.16*	0.375	0.43	1.90	20	1.55	0.686	0.21	2.89
Week 12	19	1.05*	0.229	0.60	1.50	20	1.35	0.587	0.20	2.50
Sleep quality on 7-point Likert scale	Ashwagandha			95% C.I.		Placebo			95% C.I.
	N	Mean	SD	Lower	Upper	N	Mean	SD	Lower	Upper
Baseline	25	5.76	0.663	4.46	7.06	25	5.72	0.737	4.28	7.16
Week 4	19	4.53	1.124	2.33	6.73	20	5.05	0.999	3.09	7.01
Week 8	19	3.47**	1.124	1.27	5.67	20	4.55	0.686	3.21	5.89
Week 12	19	2.47***	1.073	0.37	4.57	20	4.3	0.657	3.01	5.59
*, ** and *** indicates p < 0.05, p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001 respectively for Two-tailed T-test for improvement from baseline being higher than the placebo.