Table 1.
Characteristics of women with hypertension in pregnancy, 2005–2014
| Hypertensive Cohort | Pregnancies Meeting Each Hypertension Case Criterion* | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal Characteristics | High BP | Chronic Hypertension | Rapid Treatment | |||||
| n= 27,049 | n=24,140 | n=5,409 | n=5,363 | |||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
| Age [in years, mean, (Standard deviation)] | 31.7 (5.9) | 31.4 (5.9) | 34.7 (4.9) | 33.3 (5.4) | ||||
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||||
| White | 9,801 | (36.4) | 8,887 | (37.0) | 1,597 | (29.7) | 1,715 | (32.2) |
| Hispanic | 8,531 | (31.7) | 7,650 | (31.9) | 1,624 | (30.2) | 1,534 | (28.8) |
| Asian | 4,483 | (16.7) | 3,858 | (16.1) | 1,219 | (22.6) | 1,141 | (21.4) |
| African American | 3,905 | (14.5) | 3,446 | (14.3) | 903 | (16.8) | 888 | (16.7) |
| Other | 192 | (0.7) | 173 | (0.7) | 39 | (0.7) | 48 | (0.9) |
| Missing or unknown † | 137 | 126 | 27 | 37 | ||||
| At least college education | ||||||||
| Yes | 10,607 | (40.9) | 9,348 | (40.4) | 2,352 | (45.5) | 2,094 | (40.9) |
| Missing † | 1,118 | 990 | 237 | 247 | ||||
| Smoked during pregnancy | 1,551 | (5.7) | 1,406 | (5.8) | 256 | (4.7) | 273 | (5.1) |
| Parous | 14,190 | (54.8) | 12,295 | (53.3) | 3,463 | (65.7) | 3,139 | (60.6) |
| Missing parity † | 1,169 | 1,089 | 141 | 181 | ||||
| Had pre-existing diabetes | 2,082 | (7.7) | 1,713 | (7.1) | 860 | (15.9) | 539 | (10.1) |
| Had Medicaid insurance | 1,879 | (6.9) | 1,710 | (7.1) | 355 | (6.6) | 376 | (7.0) |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | ||||||||
| <25 kg/m2 | 4,688 | (18.7) | 4,211 | (18.8) | 740 | (15.1) | 677 | (13.8) |
| 25–29 kg/m2 | 6,142 | (24.6) | 5,491 | (24.5) | 1,132 | (23.2) | 1,133 | (23.1) |
| ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 14,180 | (56.7) | 12,744 | (56.8) | 3,014 | (61.7) | 3,086 | (63.0) |
| Missing † | 2,039 | 1,694 | 523 | 467 | ||||
| Infant sex | ||||||||
| Male | 13,938 | (52.1) | 12484 | (52.3) | 2743 | (51.3) | 2753 | (52.1) |
| Missing a | 288 | 262 | 64 | 83 | ||||
Women meeting multiple criteria of the hypertension case definition were included in each group.
High BP criterion: 2 or more BP ≥ 140/90 within 30 days from the start of pregnancy through 35 weeks 6 days; Treated chronic Hypertension criterion: 1 antihypertensive medication fill within 120 days prior to pregnancy and 1 hypertension diagnosis code from 1 year prior to pregnancy through 20 weeks gestation; Rapid Treatment criterion: 1 high BP (≥ 140/90) from the start of pregnancy through 35 weeks 6 days accompanied by 1 diagnosis code and 1 antihypertensive medication fill all within 7 days.
Women with missing value were not included in the denominator for percentage calculation.