Table 6.
Nutritional characteristics and human milk lactoferrin intake
| Characteristic | Lactoferrin (n=209) mean (SD) |
Placebo (n=205) mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|
| Age of enteral feeding initiation in days | 2.2 (3.1) | 2.1 (3.3) |
| Age of full enteral feeding establishment in days | 6.8 (8.8) | 7.2 (9.9) |
| Daily mother’s milk consumption in cc/kg during complete hospitalization | 50.2 (56.0) | 54.4 (54.8) |
| Percentage of daily mother’s milk consumption during complete hospitalization | 53.7 (42.0) | 60.0 (40.7) |
| Cumulative mother’s milk intake entire hospitalization in L, mean | 2.0 | 2.3 |
| Number of days with at least 1 direct oral take of breast milk | 5.5 (7.2) | 5.8 (6.7) |
| Direct daily oral takes of breast milk | 2.2 (0.9) | 2.3 (0.9) |
| 6284 child-days | 6461 child-days | |
| No. (%) | No. (%) | |
| NPO | 613 (9.9) | 648 (10.2) |
| Use of TPN | 1931 (30.7) | 2231 (34.6) |
| Fed only with mother’s milk | 2019 (32.6) | 2414 (38.0)a |
| Fed only with artificial formula | 1132 (18.3) | 793 (12.5) |
| Fed both with breast milk and artificial formula | 2421 (39.1) | 2490 (39.2) |
| Breast milk human lactoferrin (hLF) concentration and intake | mean (SD) [n]b | mean (SD) [n]b |
| hLF concentration in colostrum, mg/mL | 14.3 (7.3) [145] | 15.6 (8.6) [132] |
| hLF concentration at 1 month, mg/mL | 9.9 (6.1) [130] | 10.8 (6.5) [129] |
| hLF intake from colostrum, mg/day | 266 (267) [141] | 317 (363) [126] |
| hLF intake at one month, mg/day | 554 (571) [57] | 663 (676) [64] |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; NPO, nothing per mouth; TPN, total parenteral nutrition; hLF, breast milk human lactoferrin.
a
p<0.001
b
[n], number of infants with hLF determination in their mother’s milk sample.