Table I.

Characteristics of the 33 included studies

Study Characteristic		N (%)
Publication Date	Before 1990	0
	1990 – 1999	3 (9)
	2000 – 2009	8 (24)
	2010 - February 2019	22 (67)
Design*	Historically controlled (pre-post)	26 (76)
	Retrospective cohort	4 (12)
	Prospective cohort	2 (6)
	Case-controlled	2 (6)
	Randomized controlled	0
Location	Europe	18 (55)
	South America, Asia, or Africa	8 (24)
	North America	5 (15)
	Australia	2 (6)
Number of patients (multidisciplinary care)	0 – 24	0 (0)
	25 – 49	2 (6)
	50 – 74	6 (18)
	75 – 100	2 (6)
	>100	18 (55)
	Unknown	5 (15)
Length of enrollment	Unknown	12 (36)
	Until hospital discharge	7 (21)
	Until ulcer healed/major amputation	5 (15)
	Other	9 (27)
Bias score	22 – 25 (excellent)	0 (0)
	17 – 21 (good)	4 (12)
	12 – 16 (fair)	27 (82)
	<12 (poor)	2 (6)

^*The n for Study Design totals 34, rather than 33, because one study used both a case-control design and a retrospective cohort design. We counted it in both categories.²⁴