Table 3.
Moderator analysis based on the primary meta-analysis.
| Sensitivity analyses | k | N | Hedges' g | 95% CI | p-value | Heterogeneity | Test for subgroup difference/Meta regression |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary meta-analysis | 12 | 431 | −0.47 | −0.71 to −0.24 | p < 0.0001 | Q = 15.06, df = 11, p = 0.18, T2 = 0.0313, I2 = 27% |
|
| Methodological features: | |||||||
| Type of control treatment | |||||||
| • Active control group | 5 | 124 | −0.27 | −0.65 | p = 0.1597 | Q = 1.53, df = 4, p = 0.82, T2 = 0, I2 = 0% |
Q-between = 1.52, df = 1, p = 0.22 |
| • Passive control group | 7 | 307 | −0.59 | to 0.11−0.93 to −0.25 | p = 0008 | Q = 11.95, df = 6, p = 0.06, T2=0.0902, I2=49.8% | |
| Diagnostic tool at baseline | |||||||
| • Structured clinical interview | 4 | 102 | −0.76 | −1.18 to −0.34 | p = 0.0004 | Q = 2.36, df = 3, p = 0.5, T2 = 0, I2 = 0% |
Q-between = 2.43, df = 1, p = 0.12 |
| • Self-rating scale | 8 | 329 | −0.38 | −0.62 to −0.13 | p = 0.0024 | Q = 10.28, df = 7, p = 0.17, T2 = 0.0035, I2 = 31.9% |
|
| PA characteristics: | |||||||
| Intensity | |||||||
| • Low | 3 | 130 | −0.08 | −0.43 to 0.27 | p = 0.6363 | Q = 0.38, df = 2, p = 0.83, T2 = 0, I2=0% |
Q-between = 6.72, df = 2, p = 0.03 |
| • Moderate | 4 | 174 | −0.82 | −1.27 to −0.36 | p = 0.0004 | Q = 3.7, df = 3, p = 0.30, T2 = 0.0695, I2 = 18.9% |
|
| • Vigorous | 5 | 127 | −0.51 | −0.88 to −0.14 | p = 0.0074 | Q = 2.11, df = 4, p = 0.72, T2 = 0, I2=0% |
|
| Intensity_2 | |||||||
| • Low | 3 | 130 | −0.08 | −0.43 to 0.27 | p = 0.6363 | Q = 0.38, df = 2, p = 0.83, T2=0, I2 = 0% | Q-between = 7.27, df = 1, p = 0.007 |
| • Moderate to vigorous | 9 | 301 | −0.68 | −0.94 to −0.42 | p < 0.0001 | Q = 7.41, df = 8, p = 0.49, T2 = 0, I2=0% |
|
| Type of activity | |||||||
| • Standardized PA | 9 | 267 | −0.46 | −0.73 to −0.18 | p = 0.0011 | Q = 8.55, df = 8, p = 0.38, T2 = 0.0217, I2 = 6.5% |
Q-between = 0, df = 1, p = 0.99 |
| • PA embedded in games | 3 | 164 | −0.45 | −0.1.02 to 0.12 | p = 0.1184 | Q = 6.39, df = 2, p = 0.04, T2 = 0.1428, I2 = 68.7% |
|
| Context | |||||||
| • PA in addition to psychological and/or pharmacotherapy | 6 | 196 | −0.34 | −0.64 to −0.05 | p = 0.0232 | Q = 2.14, df = 5, p = 0.83, T2= 0, I2 = 0% | Q-between = 0.75, df = 1, p = 0.39 |
| • Only PA | 6 | 235 | −0.58 | −1.03 to −0.13 | p = 0.0063 | Q = 11.45, df = 5, p = 0.04, T2 = 0.1699, I2 = 56.3% |
|
| Time frame of PA treatment | |||||||
| • Session duration | – | – | – | – | – | – | Q-moderation = 0.35, df = 1, p = 0.56, R2 = 0% |
| • Number of sessions per week | – | – | – | – | – | – | Q-moderation = 0.04, df = 1, p = 0.85, R2 = 0% |
| • Number of weeks | – | – | – | – | – | – | Q-moderation = 0.24, df = 1, p = 0.63, R2 = 0% |
| • Total extent | – | – | – | – | – | – | Q-moderation = 0.001, df = 1, p = 0.98, R2 = 0% |
k number of effect size estimates, N number of participants, Hedges' g pooled effect size estimate, CI.
confidence interval, PA physical activity, PA physical activity treatment.