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. 2020 Mar 25;11:1550. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15355-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Layered LiCoO₂ with octahedral-site lithium ions offered an increase in the cell voltage from <2.5 V in TiS₂ to ~4 V. Spinel LiMn₂O₄ with tetrahedral-site lithium ions offered an increase in cell voltage from 3 V for octahedral-site lithium ions with Mn^3+/4+ couple to ~4 V, with an accompanying cost reduction. Polyanion oxide Li_xFe₂(SO₄)₃ offered yet another way to increase the cell voltage through inductive effect from <2.5 V in a simple oxide like Fe₂O₃ to 3.6 V, with a further reduction in cost and improved thermal stability and safety. Oxford and UT Austin, refer, respectively, to the University of Oxford and the University of Texas at Austin.