Figure 4.

DBS (right) and L-dopa (left) effects on pro-saccade and anti-saccade latencies. Small diamonds show the estimated effects for individual patients ($fixedeffect+randomeffect$ from the GLME models), and the small horizontal lines show the average effect across subjects ($fixedeffect$ from the GLME model). Positive and negative values show decrease and increase in the saccade latencies, respectively. The estimated effect sizes show that DBS decreases both pro-saccade and anti-saccade latencies. The effect is larger on pro-saccades than anti-saccades. L-dopa causes an increase in pro-saccade latency, but has a close to zero effect on the anti-saccade latency.