Table 3.

Raw material compositions of the starter and grower feeds of the experiment.

Feed type	Starter ${}^{\mathrm{1}}$	Grower ${}^{\mathrm{2}}$
Oil/fat source	Soy oil	Soy oil	Poultry fat	Tallow
Soy oil	10.00	18.00	0.00	0.00
Poultry fat	0.00	0.00	21.00	0.00
Tallow	0.00	0.00	0.00	21.00
Anticoccidial ${}^{\mathrm{3}}$	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Bonkalite	25.00	25.00	25.00	25.00
Broiler starter vitamin	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Broiler chick vitamin	0.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Choline chloride ${}^{\mathrm{4}}$	0.36	0.34	0.34	0.34
Corn	472.81	513.64	508.72	508.72
DCP-18 ${}^{\mathrm{5}}$	5.90	4.00	4.00	4.00
Fish meal	20.00	17.00	17.00	17.00
Full fat soybean meal	139.65	165.80	170.00	170.00
Gluten-60	12.00	11.00	11.00	11.00
Lysine ${}^{\mathrm{6}}$	2.54	2.50	2.50	2.50
Marble powder	11.10	9.70	9.70	9.70
MDCP ${}^{\mathrm{5}}$	6.50	4.40	4.40	4.40
Methionine-88 ${}^{\mathrm{7}}$	1.50	1.00	1.00	1.00
Methionine-99 ${}^{\mathrm{8}}$	2.02	1.84	1.84	1.84
Phytase enzyme ${}^{\mathrm{9}}$	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
Poultry fat	0.00	0.00	21.00	0.00
Poultry offal meal	15.00	35.00	35.00	35.00
Poultry trace elements	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
Probiotic ${}^{\mathrm{10}}$	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Salt	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Sodium bicarbonate	2.20	1.80	1.80	1.80
Soybean meal-48	217.12	128.68	126.40	126.40
Soy oil	10.00	18.00	0.00	0.00
Sunflower meal-36	15.00	15.00	15.00	15.00
Tallow	0.00	0.00	0.00	21.00
Wheat	35.00	40.00	40.00	40.00
Wheat enzyme ${}^{\mathrm{11}}$	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
Total	1000.00	1000.00	1000.00	1000.00

${}^{\mathrm{1}}$ Supplied per kg diet: Vit A 13000IU; Vit D3 5000IU; Vit E 100 mg; Vit B1 3 mg; Vit B2 8 mg; biotin 0.2 mg; Vit B6 5 mg; Vit B12 0.016 mg; Vit K3 4 mg; niacin 70 mg; folic acid 2 mg; Ca pantothenate 20 mg; Mn 120 mg; Zn 100 mg; Se 0.3 mg; Cu 16 mg; Fe 50 mg; I 2 mg and antioxidant 125 mg. ${}^{\mathrm{2}}$ Supplied per kg diet: Vit A 11000IU; Vit D3 5000IU; Vit E 80 mg; Vit B1 2 mg; Vit B2 6 mg; biotin 0.2 mg; Vit B6 4 mg; Vit B12 0.016 mg; Vit K3 3 mg; niacin 70 mg; folic acid 1.75 mg; Ca pantothenate 20 mg; Mn 120 mg; Zn 100 mg; Se 0.3 mg; Cu 16 mg; Fe 50 mg; I 2 mg and antioxidant 125 mg. ${}^{\mathrm{3}}$ Robenidine (% 6.6), anticoccidial (Lily Ilac., Istanbul, Turkey). ${}^{\mathrm{4}}$ Liquid Choline Chloride, Choline-75 (Trouw Nutrition, Ankara, Turkey). ${}^{\mathrm{5}}$ DCP-18 (di calcium phosphate, 18 % phosphate) and MDCP (mono di calcium phosphate, 21 % phosphate) (Rotem Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey). ${}^{\mathrm{6}}$ Lysine-99, Lysine HCL 99 (Rotem Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey). ${}^{\mathrm{7}}$ Dry Methionine, DL Methionine Feed Grade (Evonik Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey). ${}^{\mathrm{8}}$ Liquid Methionine, Alimet (Novus Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey). ${}^{\mathrm{9}}$ Phytase enzyme, Phyzyme (Nutriline Feed and Food Additives L.L.C., Istanbul, Turkey). ${}^{\mathrm{10}}$ Probiotic, Diazyme W/S (Cuprem Inc., Nebraska, USA). ${}^{\mathrm{11}}$ Wheat enzyme, Wheatzyme (Ekol, Inc., Turkey/Optivite International Ltd., UK).