Figure 1.

Pathway map of pyrimidine metabolism depicting de novo, salvage, and catalytic pathways. CAD: carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2¹, aspartate transcarbamylase², and dihydroorotase³, UMPS: uridine monophosphate synthetase (orotate phosphorybosyl transferase⁴, and orotidylate decarboxylase⁵), CMPK1/2: cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1/2, RNR: ribonucleotide reductase, DTYMK: deoxythymidylate kinase, ENTPD8: ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8, NDK6: nucleoside diphosphate kinase 6, DUT: deoxyuridine triphosphatase, CTPS1/2: CTP synthase 1/2, ENTPD1: ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1, PRPS1/2: phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1/2, TS: thymidylate synthase, SHMT1: serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1, DHFR: dihdyrofolate reductase, NT5C: 5′,3′-nucleotidase, cytosolic, TYMP: thymidine phosphorylase, DPYD: dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, DPYS: dihydropyrimidinase, UPB1: beta-ureidopropionase 1, NT51B: 5′-nucleotidase, cytosolic IB, CDA: cytidine deaminase, UPP1: uridine phosphorylase 1, CDA: cytidine deaminase, TK1/2: thymdine kinase 1/2 dCK: deoxycytidine kinase, UCKL1: uridine-cytidine kinase 1 like 1, DCTD: dCMP deaminase, GLS: glutaminase, CPS1: carbamoyl-phosphate synthase.