Table 2.

Overview of viruses and their induced membranes^*

	Rubella virus	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus	Murine hepatitis virus	Equine arteritis virus	Flock house virus	Tobacco mosaic virus	Vaccinia virus
Family	Togaviridae	Coronaviridae	Coronaviridae	Arteriviridae	Nodaviridae	Unranked	Poxviridae
Genus	Rubivirus	Coronavirus	Coronavirus	Arterivirus	Alphanodavirus	Tobamovirus	Orthopoxvirus
Host	Humans	Humans	Mice	Horses and donkeys	Insects	Plants (Solanaceae)	Humans
Disease	German measles	Severe acute respiratory syndrome	Epidemic murine illness	Asymptomatic and haemorrhagic fever	None	Plant diseases	Vaccine strain (smallpox vaccination)
Enveloped	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Approximate genome size	10,000 bases	30,000 bases	30,000 bases	13,000 bases	4,500 bases	6,400 bases	190,000 bases
Approximate particle size	70 nm	80–160 nm	80–160 nm	40–60 nm	30 nm	300 × 18 nm	360 × 270 × 250 nm
Name of induced intracellular structures	Cytopathic vacuoles	Double-membrane vesicles	Double-membrane vesicles	Double-membrane vesicles	Spherule-like invaginations	Vesicular structures	Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) enclosure of replication site
Description of induced intracellular structures	Spherule-lined cytopathic vacuoles	Vesicular structures that have a double membrane	Vesicular structures that have a double membrane	Perinuclear granules and double-membrane vesicles	Outer mitochondrial membrane that contains numerous spherule-like invaginations	Cytoplasmic inclusions	ER enclosure of replication site
Approximate size of induced intracellular structures	600–4,000 nm; spherules 50 nm	More than 200 nm per vesicle	80–160 nm per vesicle	80 nm per vesicle	40–60 nm per invagination	Unknown	1–2 μm
Origin of induced intracellular structures	Endosomes and lysosomes	Probably rough ER or ER–Golgi intermediate compartment	Probably rough ER or ER–Golgi intermediate compartment	ER	Mitochondria	ER	ER
Assumed function of induced intracellular structures	Viral RNA replication	Viral RNA replication	Viral RNA replication	Viral RNA replication	Viral RNA replication	Viral RNA replication	Viral DNA replication
*Continued from Table 1.