Table 2.
Antiviral immunoglobulin products on the US market
| Type of product | Brand name | Manufacturer (location) | Indications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intramuscular rabies immunoglobulin | IMOGAM Rabies–HT | Aventis Pasteur (Paris) | |
| BayRab | Talecris Biotherapeutics (Research Triangle Park, NC, USA) for Bayer (Leverkusen, Germany) | Post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment, used along with rabies vaccine to prevent infection caused by the rabies virus. | |
| HyperRab S/D | Talecris Biotherapeutics | ||
| Intravenous RSV immunoglobulin | Respigam | MedImmune (Gaithersburg, MD, USA; now part of Astra Zeneca) | Prevention of serious lower respiratory tract infection caused by RSV in children under 24 months of age with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or a history of premature birth. |
| Intravenous CMV immunoglobulin | Cytogam | MedImmune | Prophylaxis of CMV associated with transplantation of kidney, lung, liver, pancreas and heart. |
| Intravenous HCV immunoglobulin | Civacira | Nabi Pharmaceuticals (Boca Raton, FL, USA) | Prevention of re-infection with HCV in HCV-positive liver transplant individuals. |
| Intravenous HBV immunoglobulin | HepaGamB | Cangene (Winnipeg, Canada) | Treatment of acute exposure to blood containing HBsAg. |
| NabiHB | Nabi | ||
| Intravenous vaccinia immunoglobulin | VIGIV | DynPort Vaccine Company (Frederick, MD, USA) | Treatment of infections caused by the vaccinia virus; treat rare adverse reactions to smallpox vaccination. |
| Intramuscular VZV immunoglobulin | VariZIG | Massachusetts Public Health Biologic Laboratoriesb (Boston) and Cangenec | Prevents severe varicella zoster infection. |
| Human immunoglobulind | Omr-IgG-am | Omrix Biopharmaceuticals (New York) | WNV-related encephalitis or for those at risk of developing encephalitis. |
| Intramuscular generic immunoglobulin | Gamastan S/D | Talecris BioTherapeutics | Post-exposure prophylaxis of Hepatitis A; Measles; modification of Varicella; prophylaxis of Rubella. |
| BayGam | Bayer | ||
| Generic subcutaneous immunoglobulin | Vivaglobin | CSL Behring (King of Prussia, PA, USA) | The only human immunoglobulin approved by FDA for subcutaneous use. Home treatment. Prevents infection in individuals with primary immune deficiency diseases. |
| Gammagard | Baxter (Deerfield, IL, USA) | Used to reduce the risk of infection in individuals with HIV and other immunodeficiency diseases. | |
| Generic intravenous immunoglobuline | Sandoglobulin | CSL Bioplasma (Parkville, Australia) | |
| Gamimune N | Bayer |
aFDA fast track, license in progress.
bMBL has discontinued production of VZV Ig.
cAvailable under an investigational new drug application (IND) protocol.
dPhase 1/2 trial sponsored by NIAID.
eDeveloped from the plasma of Israeli donors who have high levels of antibodies to WNV, which is endemic in Israel.