Table 1. Proportion of Denmark-Born Individuals With or Without Mental Disorders Taking the Ninth-Grade Final Examination Before Age 17 Years.

Diagnosis	Proportion (95% CI)		Interaction term (95% CI)a	No.
	Female	Male		Female (n = 306 209)	Male (n = 323 413)
No psychiatric contact	0.91 (0.91 to 0.91)	0.86 (0.86 to 0.86)		290 366	301 255
Any mental disorder	0.63 (0.62 to 0.63)	0.45 (0.44 to 0.45)	0.13 (0.12 to 0.13)b	15 843	22 158
Organic mental disorder	0.25 (0.16 to 0.34)	0.35 (0.29 to 0.41)	−0.17 (−0.28 to −0.05)c	52	129
Substance use disorder	0.38 (0.34 to 0.42)	0.28 (0.24 to 0.32)	0.04 (−0.02 to 0.09)	281	321
From alcohol abuse	0.48 (0.36 to 0.61)	0.44 (0.32 to 0.56)	−0.02 (−0.19 to 0.15)	29	32
From cannabis abuse	0.39 (0.34 to 0.44)	0.32 (0.27 to 0.37)	−0.00 (−0.07 to 0.07)	162	189
Schizophrenia spectrum disorder	0.42 (0.40 to 0.45)	0.35 (0.33 to 0.38)	0.00 (−0.04 to 0.04)	764	547
Schizophrenia	0.28 (0.23 to 0.32)	0.27 (0.21 to 0.33)	−0.06 (−0.14 to 0.01)	203	137
Mood disorder	0.65 (0.63 to 0.66)	0.53 (0.51 to 0.55)	0.05 (0.02 to 0.07) d	2363	1154
Bipolar disorder	0.42 (0.34 to 0.51)	0.43 (0.31 to 0.54)	−0.07 (−0.22 to 0.07)	64	35
Unipolar depression	0.65 (0.64 to 0.67)	0.53 (0.51 to 0.55)	0.05 (0.03 to 0.08)d	2228	1030
Anxiety disorder	0.69 (0.68 to 0.70)	0.59 (0.58 to 0.60)	0.03 (0.02 to 0.04)d	6845	4309
OCD	0.79 (0.77 to 0.81)	0.69 (0.67 to 0.71)	0.04 (0.01 to 0.07)	1242	1107
Eating disorder	0.82 (0.80 to 0.83)	0.68 (0.64 to 0.73)	0.07 (0.02 to 0.11)	2280	247
Anorexia nervosa	0.83 (0.81 to 0.85)	0.80 (0.73 to 0.87)	−0.04 (−0.11 to 0.04)c	1088	95
Bulimia nervosa	0.87 (0.81 to 0.93)	NA	NA	134	<5
EDNOS	0.77 (0.75 to 0.80)	0.57 (0.50 to 0.63)	0.14 (0.07 to 0.21)d	797	109
Personality disorder	0.51 (0.48 to 0.53)	0.39 (0.34 to 0.43)	0.05 (−0.00 to 0.10)	815	204
Intellectual disability	0.11 (0.09 to 0.13)	0.07 (0.06 to 0.09)	−0.03 (−0.05 to −0.00)c	1178	2386
Other developmental disorders	0.43 (0.41 to 0.44)	0.34 (0.33 to 0.35)	0.02 (0.00 to 0.04)c	1519	4521
Disorder of language	0.33 (0.29 to 0.36)	0.28 (0.26 to 0.30)	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.02)	402	1173
Learning disorder	0.46 (0.43 to 0.49)	0.31 (0.29 to 0.33)	0.08 (0.04 to 0.12)d	385	1070
Disorder of motoric skills	0.37 (0.30 to 0.44)	0.34 (0.31 to 0.38)	−0.04 (−0.12 to 0.04)	92	461
ASD	0.43 (0.41 to 0.44)	0.39 (0.38 to 0.40)	−0.02 (−0.04 to −0.00)c	1729	5948
Childhood autism	0.23 (0.20 to 0.27)	0.22 (0.20 to 0.24)	−0.05 (−0.09 to −0.01)c	342	1406
Asperger syndrome	0.59 (0.56 to 0.62)	0.51 (0.49 to 0.52)	0.02 (−0.02 to 0.05)	530	2107
ADHD
All subtypes	0.49 (0.48 to 0.50)	0.41 (0.40 to 0.41)	0.03 (0.01 to 0.04)d	2721	8172
Combined subtype	0.48 (0.47 to 0.50)	0.41 (0.40 to 0.42)	0.01 (−0.01 to 0.03)	1525	5358
ODD/CD	0.44 (0.41 to 0.47)	0.34 (0.32 to 0.35)	0.04 (−0.00 to 0.07)	417	1407
Attachment disorder	0.35 (0.32 to 0.37)	0.31 (0.29 to 0.32)	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.00)	824	1501
Tic disorder	0.59 (0.55 to 0.64)	0.49 (0.47 to 0.50)	0.04 (−0.01 to 0.09)	240	1322

Abbreviations: ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ASD, autism spectrum disorder; EDNOS, eating disorder not otherwise specified; NA, not applicable; OCD, obsessive-compulsive disorder; ODD/CD, oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder.

^aProportion of male students without a mental disorder taking the examination minus the proportion of male students with a mental disorder taking the examination, minus the same difference in their female counterparts; for example, for any disorder: (0.86 − 0.45) − (0.91 − 0.63) = 0.13.

^bP < .001.

^cP < .05.

^dP < .001.