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. 2020 Mar 26;2020(3):CD011942. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011942.pub2

1. Studies included but not sampled: methodological limitations.

Study ID Title Methodological limitation concerns
Bardosh 2017 Operationalizing mHealth to improve
 patient care: a qualitative implementation
 science evaluation of the WelTel texting
 intervention in Canada and Kenya Serious concerns due to insufficient information on study context, poorly described sampling and data analysis. The results are often written as generalisations, without being ascribed to particular participants, or particular participant groups. There was no reference to author reflexivity.
Braun 2016 An evaluation of a family planning mobile job aid for community health workers in Tanzania Serious concerns due to insufficient information on the study context, sampling, data collection and analysis, and too few participant quotes to support their findings. There was no reference to author reflexivity.
Hamoy 2016 Real‐time Regular Routine Reporting for Health (R4Health): lessons from the implementation of a large scale mobile health system
 for routine health services in the Philippines Serious concerns due to no explanation on their sampling, poorly described data collection and analysis, and no reference to author reflexivity.
Kabakyenga 2016 A demonstration of mobile phone deployment to support the treatment of acutely ill children under five in Bushenyi district, Uganda Serious concerns due to no description of data analysis, author reflexivity, and insufficient information on the participants. It appears as if the study findings are more supported by the quantitative data than the qualitative data.
Knoble 2015 Electronic diagnostic algorithms to assist mid‐level healthcare workers in Nepal: a mixed‐method exploratory study Serious concerns due to a very poor methods section, which made it impossible to appraise the study's methodology.
Missal 2016 Building capacity to use m‐Health in maternal, newborn and child health interventions Serious concerns due to insufficient information on study context, sampling, data collection and analysis, and no reference to author reflexivity.
Modi 2015 Development and formative evaluation of an
 innovative mHealth intervention for improving
 coverage of community‐based maternal, newborn
 and child health services in rural areas of India Serious concerns due to insufficient information on data analysis, author reflexivity, and poor data to support the study findings.
Jalloh‐Vos 2013 Mobile health: connecting managers, service providers and clients in Bombali district, Sierra Leone Serious concerns due to insufficient information on sampling, data collection and analysis, and no reference to author reflexivity. It is also a serious concern not knowing if the cited data refer to mid‐ or end‐intervention time points.
Shieshia 2014 Strengthening community health supply chain
 performance through an integrated approach:
 using mHealth technology and multilevel
 teams in Malawi Serious concerns due to insufficient information on participant demographics, sampling, data collection and analysis, and no reference to author reflexivity.
van Heerden 2017 App‐supported promotion of child growth and development by community health workers in Kenya: feasibility and acceptability study Serious concerns due to insufficient information on data collection, and no reference to author reflexivity. There is insufficient data to support the study findings.