Table 6.

Comparison of the infiltration of immune cell subsets in pure DCIS, DCIS with microinvasion, and DCIS associated with invasive carcinoma

Hormone receptor status	Subset of immune cells	Pure DCIS (n = 231)	DCIS-M (n = 81)	DCIS-INV (n = 90)	p value
					Three groups*	Pure DCIS vs. DCIS-M#	Pure DCIS vs. DCIS-INV#	DCIS-M vs. DCIS-INV#
All (n = 402)	CD4+ TIL	19.3 (4.0–47.8)	46.3 (16.7–112.1)	38.5 (12.0–101.8)	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	1.000
	CD8+ TIL	12.3 (5.3–25.0)	18.7 (6.3–47.8)	18.0 (5.5–44.3)	0.027	0.057	0.168	1.000
	FOXP3+ TIL	0 (0–1.0)	1.5 (0.0–10.0)	1.0 (0.0–3.3)	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	1.000
	PD-L1+ IC	34/221 (15.4)	20/78 (25.6)	19/90 (21.1)	0.111	0.129	0.669	1.000
Positive (n = 311)	CD4+ TIL	17.0 (3.7–43.3)	18.3 (6.7–85.7)	18.0 (10.0–65.0)	0.040	0.606	0.051	1.000
	CD8+ TIL	11.7 (5.3–22.0)	15.3 (5.2–34.7)	11.0 (3.0–33.0)	0.684	1.000	1.000	1.000
	FOXP3+ TIL	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–2.0)	1.0 (0.1–2.0)	< 0.001	0.225	< 0.001	0.573
	PD-L1+ IC	26/196 (13.3)	6/38 (15.8)	9/67 (13.4)	0.916	1.000	1.000	1.000
Negative (n = 91)	CD4+ TIL	35.0 (18.0–86.5)	63.3 (31.7–115.0)	101.0 (53.0–185.0)	0.001	0.036	0.003	0.063
	CD8+ TIL	22.7 (9.2–48.8)	25.7 (9.0–64.0)	45.0 (23.0–81.0)	0.007	1.000	0.009	0.027
	FOXP3+ TIL	1.0 (0.0–5.0)	4.0 (1.0–12.0)	4.0 (1.0–6.0)	0.076	0.114	0.159	1.000
	PD-L1+ IC	8/25 (32.0)	14/40 (35.0)	10/23 (43.5)	0.690	1.000	1.000	1.000

*For the comparison of three groups, the Kruskal-Wallis test or chi-square test was used

^#For the comparison of two groups, the Mann-Whitney U test or chi-square test was used. Corrections for multiple testing are performed with the Bonferroni method, and adjusted (adj.) p values are presented

Data are presented as median (interquartile range) for CD4+, CD8+, and FOXP3+ TILs and as frequency (%) for PD-L1+ IC

TIL tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte, IC immune cell, DCIS ductal carcinoma in situ, DCIS-M DCIS with microinvasion, DCIS-INV DCIS associated with invasive carcinoma