Table 2.
Pathogens that interact with DC- or L-SIGN for transmission or immune suppression
| Pathogens | Associated disease | References |
|---|---|---|
| Viruses | ||
| HIV | AIDS | 47 |
| HCV | Hepatitis | 101,124 |
| Dengue virus | Haemorrhagic fever | 99,125 |
| Marburg virus | Haemorrhagic fever | 103 |
| Ebola virus | Haemorrhagic fever | 126 |
| West Nile encephalitis virus | Encephalitis | 125 |
| Cytomegalovirus | Congenital infection; general infection (for example, retinitis, hepatitis, colitis) | 100 |
| Herpes virus type 8 | Kaposi's sarcoma | 127 |
| Corona (SARS) virus | SARS | 103 |
| Measles virus | Measles | 128 |
| Bacteria | ||
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Tuberculosis | 104 |
| Mycobacterium leprae | Lepra | 129 |
| Mycobacterium bovis | Tuberculosis | 104 |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3 and 14 | Pneumonia | 107 |
| Helicobacter pilori | Gastric pathogen (ulcers) | 110 |
| Lactobacillus spp. | Vaginal commensals | 106 |
| Parasites | ||
| Leishmania infantum | Visceral leishmaniasis | 130 |
| Leishmania pifanoi | Cutaneous leishmaniasis | 1 |
| Leishmania mexicana | Leishmaniasis | 1 |
| Schistosoma mansoni parasite | Bilharziosis | 111 |
| Fungi | ||
| Aspergillus fumigatus | Aspergillosis | 131 |
| Candida albicans | Fungal infection (candidiasis) | 132 |
| AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; DC-SIGN, dendritic-cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing non-integrin; HCV, human hepatitis C virus; L-SIGN, liver/lymph node-SIGN ; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome. | ||