Table 2.

Method of whole blood stimulation and availability of cytokine production response per study population

Name of the study population	Key Ref. for methods	LPS concentration	Monocyte concentration available	Cytokine production response
				TNF-α	IL-6	IL-12	IL-1β	IL-1RA	IL-10	IFN-γ	GM-CSF
General population
Myoage young	n/a	10 µg/mL	v	v	v	v	v	v	v	v	v
YNTR	[9]	10 ng/mL		v	v		v	v	v
Meningitis relatives	[10]	1 µg/mL		v3					v
MS-SLE relatives	[12]	10 ng/mL		v	v	v	v	v	v
Ghana	[47]	10 µg/mL		v					v	v
ANTR	[9]	10 ng/mL		v	v		v	v	v
LLS	[33]	10 ng/mL	v	v	v	v4	v	v	v	v	vd
Myoage old	n/a	10 µg/mL	v	v	v	v	v	v	v	v	v
PROSPER	[48]	10 ng/mL		v	v	v	v	v	v
Leiden 85-plus	[49]	10 ng/mL		vb	v	v	v	v	v	v
Specific diseases
MS-SLE	[12]	10 ng/mL		vb	v	vc	v	v	v
BEST	[53]	10 ng/mL		v			v	v	v
Cardiac surgery	n/a	10 ng/mL		v	v				v
GARP	[35]	10 ng/mL		vb			v	v	v
PRALINE	n/a	10 µg/mL		v	v	v	v	v	v	v	v

LPS concentration: whole blood samples were incubated with LPS for 24 h at 37° C. n/a, not available; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-α; IL, interleukin; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.^a LPS was incubated for 6 h.^b LPS was incubated for 4 h.^c 1 µg/mL LPS was used.^d 50 µg/mL LPS was used.